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In a slightly different sense, the term history refers not to an academic field but to the past itself or to individual texts about the past. History is a broad discipline encompassing many branches. Some focus on specific time periods, such as ancient history, while others concentrate on particular geographic regions, such as the history of ...
In the study of history as an academic discipline, a "primary source" (also called an "original source") is a first hand account of events by someone who lived through them. "Primary sources were made during the historical period that is being investigated."
Information can be encoded into various forms for transmission and interpretation (for example, information may be encoded into a sequence of signs, or transmitted via a signal). It can also be encrypted for safe storage and communication. The uncertainty of an event is measured by its probability of occurrence.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to history: History – discovery, collection, organization, and presentation of information about past events. History can also mean the period of time after writing was invented (the beginning of recorded history).
Historical method is the collection of techniques and guidelines that historians use to research and write histories of the past. Secondary sources, primary sources and material evidence such as that derived from archaeology may all be drawn on, and the historian's skill lies in identifying these sources, evaluating their relative authority, and combining their testimony appropriately in order ...
It is this information that allows them to try to understand and describe the way society was functioning at any particular time in history. [1] Greek ostraka provide good examples of historical documents from "among the common people".
Wikipedia is the largest and most-read reference work in history, [3] [4] and is consistently ranked among the ten most visited websites; as of December 2024, it was ranked fifth by Semrush, [5] and seventh by Similarweb. [6]
The life expectancy among adults was much higher; [20] a 21-year-old man in medieval England, for example, could expect to live to the age of 64. [21] [20] However, in various places and eras, life expectancy was noticeably lower. For example, monks often died in their 20s or 30s. [22]