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Arilus cristatus, also known as the North American wheel bug or simply wheel bug, [1] is a species of large assassin bug in the family Reduviidae and the only species of wheel bug found in the United States. [2] [3] It is one of the largest terrestrial true bugs in North America, reaching up to 1.5 inches (38 mm) in length in its adult stage. [4]
Arilus, or wheel bugs due to the semicircular crest on the pronotum, [1] [2] [3] is a genus of true bugs in the family Reduviidae, subfamily Harpactorinae and tribe Harpactorini. Most species are found in the Americas. [4] Arilus is a generalist predator of insects. [2] See North American wheel bug for details about a representative species.
The average length is 16–20 millimetres (0.63–0.79 in) with males being smaller than females. They are able to fly, making a buzzing noise when airborne. Western conifer seed bugs are somewhat similar in appearance to the wheel bug Arilus cristatus and other Reduviidae (assassin bugs).
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Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America) [1] or bush crickets. [2] They have previously been known as "long-horned grasshoppers". [3] More than 8,000 species are known. [1] Part of the suborder Ensifera, the Tettigoniidae are the only extant (living) family in the superfamily Tettigonioidea.
"bush crickets" (American usage) include members of the subfamily Trigonidiinae – which are "true crickets". Superfamily Stenopelmatoidea – includes: king crickets (wētā), leaf-rolling, Jerusalem or sand crickets; Superfamily Rhaphidophoroidea – cave or camel crickets; Superfamily Schizodactyloidea - dune or splay-footed crickets.
This change opens up opportunities for immigrant species to move into a competitor-free habitat. [4] Several groups of insects, including the genus Monochamus, have become adapted to exploit these conditions. M. scutellatus is a saproxylic insect, which means that at least part of its life cycle is dependent on either dead or dying wood. [6]
The eggs are grey and cylindrical, about 1.4 millimetres long and 0.5 millimetres wide. They are laid in groups of about 1,000, stacked in three layers. The pile of eggs is protected by a clear fluid which dries white and is applied by the female with the tip of her abdomen.