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The Era of Theodore Roosevelt and the Birth of Modern America, 1900–1912. survey by leading scholar; Pease, Otis, ed. The Progressive Years: The Spirit and Achievement of American Reform (1962), primary documents; Thelen, David P. "Social Tensions and the Origins of Progressivism," Journal of American History 56 (1969), 323–341 in JSTOR
March 4, 1865 – President Lincoln begins second term; Johnson becomes the 16th vice president; 1865 – Richmond, Virginia, the Confederate capital, captured by a corps of black Union troops; 1865 – Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Court House; 1865 – Freedmen's Bureau; 1865 - the 13th Amendment was adopted, setting slaves free forever.
The 13 British North American provinces of Virginia, Massachusetts Bay, Maryland, Connecticut, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, New York, New Jersey, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania and Delaware, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia united as the United States of America declare their independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain on ...
April 2 – American Civil War: "Evacuation Sunday" – Confederate President Jefferson Davis and most of his cabinet flee the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia, which is taken by Union troops the next day. April 3 – American Civil War: Richmond is captured by Union forces under General Ulysses S. Grant.
For more than one-and-a-half centuries, the Juneteenth holiday has been sacred to many Black communities. It marks the day in 1865 enslaved people in Galveston, Texas found out they had been freed ...
Purported to be evidence of humans in North America during the Pliocene epoch, it turns out to be a hoax. March 13 – The United States Congress overwhelmingly passes the Civil Rights Act of 1866 , the first federal legislation to protect the rights of African-Americans; President Andrew Johnson vetoes the bill on March 27, and Congress ...
1899–1900: Indian famine kills over 1 million people. 1899: Hague Convention of 1899 formulated the laws of war and outlaws war crimes. 1899–1900: Open Door Policy proclaimed to protect China. Giovanni Agnelli founds Fiat in Italy. Louis Renault and his brothers found their manufacturing company in France.
March 7 – United States Senator Daniel Webster gives his "Seventh of March" speech, in which he endorses the Compromise of 1850, in order to prevent a possible civil war. March 16 – Nathaniel Hawthorne's historical novel The Scarlet Letter is published in Boston, Massachusetts. March 19 – American Express is founded by Henry Wells and ...