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Current malaria vaccines reduce uncomplicated malaria by ~40%, severe malaria by ~30%, and all-cause mortality by 13%. Malaria vaccines should be delivered in conjunction with other control interventions (ITNs, case management).
Malaria vaccines are vaccines that prevent malaria, a mosquito-borne infectious disease which affected an estimated 249 million people globally in 85 malaria endemic countries and areas and caused 608,000 deaths in 2022. [2]
The malaria vaccines act against P. falciparum, the deadliest malaria parasite globally and the most prevalent in Africa. The RTS,S malaria vaccine was first recommended by WHO to prevent malaria in children in October 2021.
The RTS,S malaria vaccine, also known as Mosquirix, was developed by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) in partnership with the PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative and is designed to target the Plasmodium falciparum parasite that causes malaria, which is spread by anopheles mosquitoes.
As of October 2023, WHO recommends the programmatic use of malaria vaccines for the prevention of P. falciparum malaria in children living in malaria endemic areas, prioritizing areas of moderate and high transmission. This applies to both RTS,S/AS01 and R21/Matrix-M vaccines.
There’s a new malaria vaccine now available to combat the viral disease. One expert suggests malaria could be eradicated by 2040 with the help of the vaccine.
The R21 vaccine is the second malaria vaccine prequalified by WHO, following the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine which obtained prequalification status in July 2022. Both vaccines are shown to be safe and effective in clinical trials, for preventing malaria in children.