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  2. European wars of religion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_wars_of_religion

    In 1656, tensions between Protestants and Catholics re-emerged and led to the outbreak of the First War of Villmergen. The Catholics were victorious and able to maintain their political dominance. The Toggenburg War in 1712 was a conflict between Catholic and Protestant cantons. According to the Peace of Aarau of 11 August 1712 and the Peace of ...

  3. Catholic–Protestant relations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CatholicProtestant...

    The 17th century saw Protestant-Catholic tensions rise particularly in Germany leading to the Thirty Years War from 1618 to 1648. This war saw the destruction of much of Central Europe and divided much of the continent along Catholic-Protestant lines. Swedes, Danes, and French were all involved.

  4. Diet of Regensburg (1541) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diet_of_Regensburg_(1541)

    The Colloquy of Regensburg, historically called the Colloquy of Ratisbon, was a conference held at Regensburg (Ratisbon) in Bavaria in 1541, during the Protestant Reformation, which marks the culmination of attempts to restore religious unity in the Holy Roman Empire by means of theological debate between the Protestants and the Catholics.

  5. Colloquy of Poissy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquy_of_Poissy

    On the Catholic side there existed little wish for conciliation. The Jesuit Laynez then claimed that the divinely appointed judge of the religious controversies was the Pope, not the Court of France. [2] The acrimony with which he opposed the Protestants at least clarified the situation. [1]

  6. French Wars of Religion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Wars_of_Religion

    The French Wars of Religion were a series of civil wars between French Catholics and Protestants (called Huguenots) from 1562 to 1598.Between two and four million people died from violence, famine or disease directly caused by the conflict, and it severely damaged the power of the French monarchy. [1]

  7. Cologne War - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cologne_War

    The Cologne War (German: Kölner Krieg, Kölnischer Krieg, Truchsessischer Krieg; 1583–1588) was a conflict between Protestant and Catholic factions that devastated the Electorate of Cologne, a historical ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire, within present-day North Rhine-Westphalia, in Germany.

  8. Christian democracy in the Netherlands - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_democracy_in_the...

    Before the 1920s Catholics were treated as second class citizens and they were strongly despised by Protestants, who combined their Dutch nationalism with fierce anti-papism. There also are strong cleavages within Protestantism, most notably between the Dutch Reformed Church (Hervormd) and the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands (Gereformeerd ...

  9. Souperism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Souperism

    Famine memorial in Ballingeary, County Cork Ballingeary famine soup-pot Ballingeary famine plaque. Souperism was a phenomenon of the Irish Great Famine.Protestant Bible societies set up schools in which starving children were fed, on the condition of receiving Protestant religious instruction at the same time.