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  2. CDK inhibitor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDK_inhibitor

    Another remaining question surrounding CDK inhibitors as a therapy is if certain cancers will evade or be resistant to treatment. One study showed that 20% of the patients being treated for metastatic ER+ HER2-breast cancer did not respond at all to treatment with a CDK4/6 inhibitor due to preexisting mutations allowing the cancer cells to continue proliferating despite treatment with the drug ...

  3. Hormonal therapy (oncology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormonal_therapy_(oncology)

    Tamoxifen is currently first-line treatment for nearly all pre-menopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. [1] Raloxifene is another partial agonist SERM which does not seem to promote endometrial cancer, and is used primarily for chemoprevention of breast cancer in high-risk individuals, as well as to prevent osteoporosis. [1]

  4. Endocrine therapy resistance in breast cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocrine_therapy...

    Moreover, breast cancer risk is heightened following use of the combined oral contraceptive pill and combined hormone replacement therapy. [4] Armed with this evidence that endogenous and exogenous changes in estrogen and progesterone levels modulate the risk of breast cancer, it is apparent that hormones can play a key role in breast cancer.

  5. Exemestane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exemestane

    Exemestane, sold under the brand name Aromasin among others, is a medication used to treat breast cancer. It is a member of the class of antiestrogens known as aromatase inhibitors. Some breast cancers require estrogen to grow. Those cancers have estrogen receptors (ERs), and are called ER-positive. They may also be called estrogen-responsive ...

  6. Breast cancer management - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast_cancer_management

    Staging breast cancer is the initial step to help physicians determine the most appropriate course of treatment. As of 2016, guidelines incorporated biologic factors, such as tumor grade, cellular proliferation rate, estrogen and progesterone receptor expression, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) expression, and gene expression profiling into the staging system.

  7. Hormone receptor positive breast tumor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormone_receptor_positive...

    Endocrine treatment may be beneficial for patients with hormone receptor positive breast tumors. [5] There are two ways for treating these kind of tumors: Lowering systemic levels of estrogen, achieved by the use of drugs from the aromatase inhibitor category. [6] [7] These drugs target one of the enzymes that takes part in the biosynthesis of ...

  8. Estrogen deprivation therapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrogen_deprivation_therapy

    Estrogen deprivation therapy, also known as endocrine therapy, is a form of hormone therapy that is used in the treatment of breast cancer.Modalities include antiestrogens or estrogen blockers such as selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) like tamoxifen, selective estrogen receptor degraders like fulvestrant, and aromatase inhibitors like anastrozole and ovariectomy.

  9. Selective estrogen receptor modulator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_estrogen...

    It is used as endocrine therapy for women with estrogen or progesterone receptor-positive, stage 4 or recurrent metastatic breast cancer [9] and has demonstrated similar efficacy compared to tamoxifen as adjuvant treatment of breast cancer and in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. [8]

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