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  2. Detergent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detergent

    Detergents. A detergent is a surfactant or a mixture of surfactants with cleansing properties when in dilute solutions. [1] There are a large variety of detergents, a common family being the alkylbenzene sulfonates, which are soap-like compounds that are more soluble in hard water, because the polar sulfonate (of detergents) is less likely than the polar carboxylate (of soap) to bind to ...

  3. Shampoo - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shampoo

    Shampoo lather in hair Bottles of shampoo and lotions manufactured in the early 20th century by the C.L. Hamilton Co. of Washington, D.C., United States. Shampoo (/ ʃ æ m ˈ p uː /) is a hair care product, typically in the form of a viscous liquid, that is used for cleaning hair.

  4. Acid-free paper - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid-free_paper

    The company Hercules Incorporated developed the first alkaline sizing in the 1950s that made acid-free paper possible. [10] Despite the advances in paper making and the identification of and concern around the brittle book problem, it took decades before the adoption of ANSI NISO Standard Z39.48-1984 - Permanence of Paper for Publications and Documents in Libraries in 1984.

  5. Relaxer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaxer

    Regardless of formula, relaxers are always alkaline to some degree, so it is prudent to neutralize or even slightly acidify the hair with a suitable shampoo immediately afterward. The prompt use of hair conditioner is also important in order to replace some of the natural oils that were stripped away by the process.

  6. Lye - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lye

    It's used in kutsinta, a type of rice cake from the Philippines together with pitsi-pitsî. [4] In Assam, north east India, extensive use is made of a type of lye called khar in Assamese and karwi in Boro which is obtained by filtering the ashes of various banana stems, roots and skin in their cooking and also for curing, as medicine and as a ...

  7. Personal care products - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_care_products

    Swedish advertisement for toiletries (c. 1905/06)Personal care products can be categorized according to their function and area of application. These are cleansing products, hair care products, oral care products, sun care products, skin hydrating products, feminine care products, hair removal products, nail care products, eye care products and anal hygiene products.

  8. Buffer solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_solution

    A buffer solution is a solution where the pH does not change significantly on dilution or if an acid or base is added at constant temperature. [1] Its pH changes very little when a small amount of strong acid or base is added to it. Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly constant value in a wide variety of chemical ...

  9. Alkali - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali

    Soils with pH values that are higher than 7.3 are usually defined as being alkaline. These soils can occur naturally due to the presence of alkali salts. Although many plants do prefer slightly basic soil (including vegetables like cabbage and fodder like buffalo grass ), most plants prefer mildly acidic soil (with pHs between 6.0 and 6.8), and ...