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Diagnostic odds ratio. In medical testing with binary classification, the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) is a measure of the effectiveness of a diagnostic test. [1] It is defined as the ratio of the odds of the test being positive if the subject has a disease relative to the odds of the test being positive if the subject does not have the disease.
The false positive rate (FPR) is the proportion of all negatives that still yield positive test outcomes, i.e., the conditional probability of a positive test result given an event that was not present. [6] The false positive rate depends on the significance level. The specificity of the test is equal to 1 minus the false positive rate.
The false positive rate is = +. where is the number of false positives, is the number of true negatives and = + is the total number of ground truth negatives.. The level of significance that is used to test each hypothesis is set based on the form of inference (simultaneous inference vs. selective inference) and its supporting criteria (for example FWER or FDR), that were pre-determined by the ...
In evidence-based medicine, likelihood ratios are used for assessing the value of performing a diagnostic test. They use the sensitivity and specificity of the test to determine whether a test result usefully changes the probability that a condition (such as a disease state) exists. The first description of the use of likelihood ratios for ...
Medical usage. In medical diagnosis, test sensitivity is the ability of a test to correctly identify those with the disease (true positive rate), whereas test specificity is the ability of the test to correctly identify those without the disease (true negative rate). If 100 patients known to have a disease were tested, and 43 test positive ...
The positive predictive value (PPV), or precision, is defined as = + = where a "true positive" is the event that the test makes a positive prediction, and the subject has a positive result under the gold standard, and a "false positive" is the event that the test makes a positive prediction, and the subject has a negative result under the gold standard.
The false-positive rate is also known as the probability of false alarm [1] and equals (1 − specificity). The ROC is also known as a relative operating characteristic curve, because it is a comparison of two operating characteristics (TPR and FPR) as the criterion changes.
Definition. Youden's J statistic is. with the two right-hand quantities being sensitivity and specificity. Thus the expanded formula is: The index was suggested by W. J. Youden in 1950 [1] as a way of summarising the performance of a diagnostic test; however, the formula was earlier published in Science by C. S. Pierce in 1884. [2] Its value ...