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Diagram of a gyro wheel. Reaction arrows about the output axis (blue) correspond to forces applied about the input axis (green), and vice versa. A gyroscope is an instrument, consisting of a wheel mounted into two or three gimbals providing pivoted supports, for allowing the wheel to rotate about a single axis. A set of three gimbals, one ...
Cutaway of an Anschütz gyrocompass A gyrocompass repeater. A gyrocompass is a type of non-magnetic compass which is based on a fast-spinning disc and the rotation of the Earth (or another planetary body if used elsewhere in the universe) to find geographical direction automatically.
Consider two proof masses vibrating in plane (as in the MEMS gyro) at frequency . The Coriolis effect induces an acceleration on the proof masses equal to a c = 2 ( Ω × v ) {\displaystyle a_{\mathrm {c} }=2(\Omega \times v)} , where v {\displaystyle v} is a velocity and Ω {\displaystyle \Omega } is an angular rate of rotation.
According to the Sagnac effect, rotation induces a small difference between the time it takes light to traverse the ring in the two directions.This introduces a tiny separation between the frequencies of the counter-propagating beams, a motion of the standing wave pattern within the ring, and thus a beat pattern when those two beams interfere outside the ring.
Gyrokinetics is a theoretical framework to study plasma behavior on perpendicular spatial scales comparable to the gyroradius and frequencies much lower than the particle cyclotron frequencies. [1] These particular scales have been experimentally shown to be appropriate for modeling plasma turbulence. [ 2 ]
A control moment gyroscope (CMG) is an attitude control device generally used in spacecraft attitude control systems. A CMG consists of a spinning rotor and one or more motorized gimbals that tilt the rotor’s angular momentum.
A rate gyro is a type of gyroscope, which rather than indicating direction, indicates the rate of change of angle with time.If a gyro has only one gimbal ring, with consequently only one plane of freedom, it can be adapted for use as a rate gyro to measure a rate of angular movement.
In surveying, a gyrotheodolite (also: surveying gyro) is an instrument composed of a gyrocompass mounted to a theodolite. It is used to determine the orientation of true north . It is the main instrument for orientation in mine surveying [ 1 ] and in tunnel engineering, where astronomical star sights are not visible and GPS does not work.