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The nematodes (/ ˈ n ɛ m ə t oʊ d z / NEM-ə-tohdz or NEEM-; Ancient Greek: Νηματώδη; Latin: Nematoda), roundworms or eelworms constitute the phylum Nematoda. Species in the phylum inhabit a broad range of environments. Most species are free-living, feeding on microorganisms, but many are parasitic.
Phasmids are sensilla in the lateral tail region of certain species of nematodes. [1] They are similar in their structure to amphid sensilla, but smaller. [2] [3]: 154 One classification system for nematodes places nematodes with phasmids into class Secernentea and nematodes without phasmids into class Adenophorea.
Acanthodians did, in fact, have a cartilaginous skeleton, but their fins had a wide, bony base and were reinforced on their anterior margin with a dentine spine. They are distinguished in two respects: they were the earliest known jawed vertebrates , and they had stout spines supporting their fins , fixed in place and non-movable (like a shark ...
Like all nematodes, they have neither a circulatory nor a respiratory system. The four bands of muscles that run the length of the body are connected to a neural system that allows the muscles to move the animal's body only as dorsal bending or ventral bending, but not left or right, except for the head, where the four muscle quadrants are ...
While the majority of the soft-bodied animals typically don't have any kind of skeleton, some do, mainly in the form of stiff cuticles (roundworms, water bears) or hydrostatic skeletons (annelids). [5] While lack of a skeleton typically restricts the body size of soft-bodied animals on land, marine representatives can grow to very large sizes.
The stichosome is composed by very visible cells in Trichosomoides crassicauda. A stichosome (from Greek stichos (στίχος) = row; soma (σῶμα) = body) is a multicellular organ that is very prominent in some species of nematodes and consists of a longitudinal series of glandular unicellular cells (stichocytes) arranged in a row along the oesophagus that forms the posterior esophageal ...
The function of the alae is not yet clear. It is generally given a function related to cuticle strength, nematode movement or fat storage. But the predominant structure of the C. elegans alae contain the ZP domain proteins (CUT-1, CUT-3, CUT-5).
Nematology research, like most fields of science, has its foundations in observations and the recording of these observations. The earliest written account of a nematode "sighting," as it were, may be found in the Pentateuch of the Old Testament in the Bible, in the Fourth Book of Moses called Numbers: "And the Lord sent fiery serpents among the people, and they bit the people; and much people ...