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Capital asset pricing model. An estimation of the CAPM and the security market line (purple) for the Dow Jones Industrial Average over 3 years for monthly data. In finance, the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) is a model used to determine a theoretically appropriate required rate of return of an asset, to make decisions about adding assets to ...
Roll's critique. Roll's critique is a famous analysis of the validity of empirical tests of the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) by Richard Roll. It concerns methods to formally test the statement of the CAPM, the equation. This equation relates an asset's expected return to the asset's sensitivity to the market portfolio return .
Dividend discount model. In financial economics, the dividend discount model (DDM) is a method of valuing the price of a company's capital stock or business value based on the assertion that intrinsic value is determined by the sum of future cash flows from dividend payments to shareholders, discounted back to their present value. [1][2] The ...
The trade-off theory of capital structure is the idea that a company chooses how much debt finance and how much equity finance to use by balancing the costs and benefits. The classical version of the hypothesis goes back to Kraus and Litzenberger [1] who considered a balance between the dead-weight costs of bankruptcy and the tax saving ...
The Cambridge capital controversy, sometimes called " the capital controversy " [ 1 ] or " the two Cambridges debate ", [ 2 ] was a dispute between proponents of two differing theoretical and mathematical positions in economics that started in the 1950s and lasted well into the 1960s. The debate concerned the nature and role of capital goods ...
A replication of Martineau (2022). The efficient-market hypothesis (EMH) [a] is a hypothesis in financial economics that states that asset prices reflect all available information. A direct implication is that it is impossible to "beat the market" consistently on a risk-adjusted basis since market prices should only react to new information.
Valuation models can be used to value intangible assets such as for patent valuation, but also in copyrights, software, trade secrets, and customer relationships. [16] As economies are becoming increasingly informational, it is recognized that there is a need for new methods to value data, another intangible asset.
The First Chicago method or venture capital method is a business valuation approach used by venture capital and private equity investors that combines elements of both a multiples-based valuation and a discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation approach. [1] The First Chicago method was first developed by, and consequently named for, the venture ...