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According to the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life's 2008 U.S. Religious Landscape Survey, Americans who identify as Jewish by religion are twice as likely to favor ideas of God as "an impersonal force" over the idea that "God is a person with whom people can have a relationship". [17]
[3] [4] Kavanah is a theological concept in Judaism about a worshiper's state of mind and heart, his or her sincerity, devotion and emotional absorption during prayers. [ 1 ] [ 5 ] In Hasidic Judaism , a Jewish tradition that emphasizes piety, kavanah is the emotional devotion, self-effaced absorption during prayers rather than a liturgical ...
Jewish identity can be described as consisting of three interconnected parts: Jewish peoplehood, an ethnic identity composed of several subdivisions that evolved in the Diaspora. [9] Jewish religion, observance of spiritual and ritual tenets of Judaism. Jewish culture, celebration of traditions, secular and religious alike.
Philosophical criticism of Judaism is either part of religious criticism in general or specifically focused on aspects unique to the Jewish religion. Immanuel Kant is an example of the latter. Kant believed that Judaism fails to "satisfy the essential criteria of [a] religion" by requiring external obedience to moral laws, having a secular ...
As such, religious pluralism goes beyond religious tolerance, which is the condition of peaceful existence between adherents of different religions or religious denominations. Within the Jewish community there lies a common history, a shared language of prayer, a shared Bible and a shared set of rabbinic literature, thus allowing for Jews of ...
Jewish culture is the culture of the Jewish people, [1] from its formation in ancient times until the current age. Judaism itself is not simply a faith-based religion, but an orthopraxy and ethnoreligion, pertaining to deed, practice, and identity. [2]
The religion is considered one of the earliest monotheistic religions in the world. Jewish religious doctrine encompasses a wide body of texts, practices, theological positions, and forms of organization. Among Judaism's core texts is the Torah, the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, and a collection of ancient Hebrew scriptures.
Jewish people in the diaspora were united by a common history, although this did not create a unified society. Jacob Katz writes that Jews in the diaspora saw themselves as members of the same nation, and maintained educational, civil, and religious institutions based on a common tradition, although they varied from place to place. Jewish ...