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Polydipsia is excessive thirst or excess drinking. [1] The word derives from Greek πολυδίψιος (poludípsios) 'very thirsty', [2] which is derived from Ancient Greek πολύς (polús) 'much, many' and δίψα (dípsa) 'thirst'. Polydipsia is a nonspecific symptom in various medical disorders.
Signs and symptoms of psychogenic polydipsia include: [3] Excessive thirst and xerostomia, leading to overconsumption of water; Hyponatraemia, causing headache, muscular weakness, twitching, confusion, vomiting, irritability etc., although this is only seen in 20–30% of cases.
This occurs in response to increased fluid intake and is defined as urine outputs of greater than 40 mL/kg/24 hours. Common causes of global polyuria are primary thirst disorders, such as diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus (DI). Urination imbalance may lead to polydipsia or excessive thirst to prevent circulatory collapse.
Research shows that thirst is a major sign of a deficit, but only staying hydrated and drinking enough water can prevent even mild dehydration throughout the day, which will keep your brain sharp.
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When you drink enough water, you’ll maintain an optimal blood volume, says Robert Pilchik, M.D., ... Extreme thirst. Less-frequent urination. Dark-colored urine. Dry mouth. Dizziness.
Excessive urination and extreme thirst and increased fluid intake (especially for cold water and sometimes ice or ice water) are typical for DI. [7] The symptoms of excessive urination and extreme thirst are similar to what is seen in untreated diabetes mellitus, with the distinction that the urine does not contain glucose. Blurred vision is a ...
In the absence of diabetes mellitus, the most common causes are the decreased secretion of aldosterone due to adrenal cortical tumor, primary polydipsia (excessive fluid drinking), central diabetes insipidus, and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. [6] Polyuria may also be due to various chemical substances, such as diuretics, caffeine, and ethanol.