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Omar Ali Saifuddien Sa'adul Khairi Waddien (Jawi: عمر علي سيف الدين سعد الخير والدين ; 23 September 1914 – 7 September 1986) was the 28th Sultan of Brunei, reigning from 1950 until his abdication in 1967 to his oldest son, Hassanal Bolkiah.
The Sultan of Brunei is the monarchical head of state of Brunei and head of government in his capacity as prime minister of Brunei. [1] Since independence from the British in 1984, only one sultan has reigned, though the royal institution dates back to the 14th century. [ 2 ]
Following the death of Sultan Ahmad without a male heir, [1] the people of Brunei urged his son-in-law, the esteemed Arab missionary Sharif Ali, to ascend the throne. [4] [3] Known for his dedication to spreading Islam, Sharif Ali solidified his ties to the Bruneian royal family by marrying Sultan Ahmad's daughter, Puteri Ratna Kesuma, [7] [2] around 1400, when she was likely a teenager.
However, by March-April 1987, Sultan Omar Ali reconciled and began accepting her as his daughter-in-law. [2] Mariam has four children with the Sultan: two sons, Abdul Azim [4] and Abdul Mateen, [5] and two daughters, Fadzilah Lubabul Bolkiah [6] and Azemah Ni'matul Bolkiah. [7] It was also known that she has an adopted daughter, Afifa Abdullah. [8]
By 1725, Brunei had many of its supply routes to the Sultanate of Sulu. [31] In 1888, Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin appealed to the British to stop further encroachment. [32] In the same year, the British signed a "Treaty of Protection" and made Brunei a British protectorate, [6] which lasted until 1984, when Brunei gained independence ...
Omar Ali Saifuddin II died in 1852 and was succeeded by his son-in-law, Sultan Abdul Momin as the 24th Sultan of Brunei. Abdul Momin's succession was regarded as a temporary fill-in on the throne before Temenggong Hashim , the son of the late Sultan would succeed to the throne in 1885.
However, these states were eventually restored to Brunei after Sultan Muhammad Shah wed a princess of Johor. [13] Local customs, recorded in the Syair Awang Semaun and the Salasilah Raja-Raja Brunei, state that Awang Alak Betatar turned to Islam in order to marry Puteri Dayang Pingai, [2] the daughter of the Sultan of
At age 19 on 29 July 1965, [4] Saleha married her paternal first cousin, Pengiran Muda Mahkota (Crown Prince) Hassanal Bolkiah, who later became the 29th Sultan of Brunei, at Istana Darul Hana. [8] The sultan's mother Raja Isteri (Queen Consort) Pengiran Anak Damit and Saleha's father Pengiran Anak Mohamed Alam were siblings. [9]