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Willemstad (/ ˈ w ɪ l ə m s t ɑː t, ˈ v ɪ l-/ WIL-əm-staht, VIL-, Dutch: [ˈʋɪləmstɑt] ⓘ, Papiamento: [wiləmˈstad]; lit. ' William Town ' ) is the capital and largest city of Curaçao , an island in the southern Caribbean Sea that is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands .
The Jewish Community of Curaçao also played a key role in supporting early Jewish congregations in New Amsterdam (present-day New York City), Cayenne and Coro in the 18th and 19th centuries. In the years before and after World War II there was an influx of Ashkenazi Jews from Eastern Europe , many of whom were Romanian Jews .
In 1997, the historical centre of Willemstad including the Fort Church was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. [9] The Fort Church is the most important church of the community, and offers services in Dutch every Sunday morning. [3] The mahogany pulpit and governor's bench date from 1769 and were designed by Pieter de Mey. [2] [1]
Otrobanda was founded in 1707 as a suburb of Willemstad on the other side of the Sint Anna Bay. Otrobanda was often referred to as the Spanish side, and Punda and Pietermaai were called the Holland side. [3] In 1752, [4] In 1816, the population of Otrobanda was 2,527 people. [5]
Fort Nassau (officially: Fort Oranje Nassau) is a fort located in Willemstad, Curaçao. It is located on a 68 metres (223 ft) [1] [2] high hill overlooking the city of Willemstad and its harbour. It was constructed in 1796 as Fort Republiek.
Santa Famia church, Willemstad The Mikvé Israel-Emanuel Synagogue in Willemstad is the oldest surviving synagogue in the Western hemisphere. Owing to the island's history of colonial times, the majority of the Curaçaoans are of African descent, including many of " Mulatto " descent (mixed African and European descent). [ 12 ]
Scharloo (Papiamento: Skálo) is a neighbourhood and former suburb of Willemstad, Curaçao, a Lesser Antilles island in the Dutch Caribbean. Scharloo started as a plantation, but became a wealthy neighbourhood of Willemstad. [2] Scharloo has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. [3]
In the 1630s, the Dutch West India Company was searching for a new outpost in the Caribbean. The company set its sight on Curaçao, which was then a Spanish possession. In 1634, the Dutch admiral Johannes van Walbeeck, together with 200 soldiers, landed on the island and fought the 32 Spanish troops, who surrendered on 21 August 1634, after resisting for three weeks.
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