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Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) is an ambient ionization technique that can be coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) for chemical analysis of samples at atmospheric conditions. Coupled ionization sources-MS systems are popular in chemical analysis because the individual capabilities of various sources combined with different MS systems ...
Extractive electrospray ionization is a spray-type, ambient ionization method that uses two merged sprays, one of which is generated by electrospray. [ 49 ] Laser-based electrospray-based ambient ionization is a two-step process in which a pulsed laser is used to desorb or ablate material from a sample and the plume of material interacts with ...
DESI and DART are considered as pioneer techniques in the field of ambient ionization, [4] since they operate in the open laboratory environment and do not require sample pretreatment. [5] [6] In contrast to the liquid spray used by DESI, the ionizing gas from the DART ion source contains a dry stream containing excited state species.
Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) is an ambient pressure ionization technique used in mass spectrometry (MS) for chemical analysis of organic molecules. [1] In this technique, analytes are desorbed into a liquid bridge formed between two capillaries and the sampling surface. [ 2 ]
Molecular ion beam deposition employs electrospray ionization or MALDI sources. [3] The ions are then accelerated, focused or deflected using high voltages or magnetic fields. Optional deceleration at the substrate can be employed to define the deposition energy. This energy usually ranges from a few eV up to a few keV. [3]
Secondary electrospray ionization mechanism diagram. In the early days of SESI, two ionization mechanisms were under debate.: the droplet-vapor interaction model postulates that vapors are adsorbed in the electrospray ionization (ESI) droplets, and then reemitted as the droplet shrinks, just as regular liquid phase analytes are produced in electrospray ionization; on the other hand, the ion ...
One example is electrospray laser desorption ionization (ELDI), which uses an ultraviolet laser to form ions by irradiating the sample directly, then interacting with the electrospray plume without using any matrices. [40] The infrared version of ELDI has been referred to as laser ablation electrospray ionization (LAESI). IR-MALDESI differs ...
Ambient ionization techniques are attractive for many samples for their high tolerance to complex mixtures and for fast testing. EESI has been employed for the rapid characterization of living objects, [10] native proteins, [11] and metabolic biomarkers. [12] [13] [14] EESI has been applied to food samples, urine, serum, exhaled breath and ...