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Weddellite, or calcium oxalate dihydrate, crystallises in a tetragonal system: the classic crystal shape is the eight-face bipyramid. Using bright field microscopy, the weddellite crystals are recognised easily by their shape, reminiscent of a postal envelope. More complex shapes of weddellite are possible; the dumbbell shape is not rare and ...
Kidney stones are primarily composed of calcium salts, with the most common being calcium oxalate (70-80%), followed by calcium phosphate and uric acid. When urine contains high concentrations of these ions, they can form crystals and eventually stones. [41] The formation of kidney stones occurs in three main phases: [41]
Calcium oxalate (Ca(COO) 2, CaOx) crystals are found in algae, angiosperms and gymnosperms in more than 215 families. These plants accumulate oxalate in the range of 3–80% (w/w) of their dry weight [ 2 ] [ 3 ] through a biomineralization process in a variety of shapes. [ 4 ]
In its raw form, the plant is toxic due to the presence of calcium oxalate, [70] [71] and the presence of needle-shaped raphides in the plant cells. However, the toxin can be minimized and the tuber rendered palatable by cooking, [ 72 ] or by steeping in cold water overnight.
Casein (/ ˈ k eɪ s iː n / KAY-seen, from Latin caseus "cheese") is a family of related phosphoproteins (αS1, aS2, β, κ) that are commonly found in mammalian milk, comprising about 80% of the proteins in cow's milk and between 20% and 60% of the proteins in human milk. [1]
It is prepared by the sublimation of a mixture of ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate and occurs as a white powder or a hard, white or translucent mass. [4] It acts as a heat activated leavening agent and breaks down into carbon dioxide (leavening), ammonia (which needs to dissipate) and water.
Oxalate and calcium carbonate raphides, silica bodies, strontium and barium sulfate in some plants [140] Pyrite and marcasite in sedimentary rocks deposited by sulfate-reducing bacteria Quartz formed from bacterial action on fossil fuels (gas, oil, coal)
After the development of kidney failure patients may get deposits of oxalate in the bones, joints and bone marrow. Severe cases may develop haematological problems such as anaemia and thrombocytopaenia. The deposition of oxalate in the body is sometimes called "oxalosis" to be distinguished from "oxaluria" which refers to oxalate in the urine.