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Before the arrival of Ferdinand Magellan, the Philippines was split into numerous barangays, small states that were linked through region-wide trade networks. [1]: 26–27 The name "barangay" is thought to come from the word balangay, which refers to boats used by the Austronesian people to reach the Philippines. [2]
The types of sovereign state leaders in the Philippines have varied throughout the country's history, from heads of ancient chiefdoms, kingdoms and sultanates in the pre-colonial period, to the leaders of Spanish, American, and Japanese colonial governments, until the directly elected president of the modern sovereign state of the Philippines.
[9]: 81, 93 The separation between the police and the military was impeded by the continuing communist and Islamic rebellions. [9]: 91 The president remains able to use the military to rule by decree. [12]: 102 Localized instances of martial law have been declared in 2009 [100] and 2017, both in Mindanao. [101] [102]
After the World War II Japanese invasion in 1941 and subsequent occupation of the Philippines, the United States and Philippine Commonwealth military completed the recapture of the Philippines after Japan's surrender and spent nearly a year dealing with Japanese troops who were not aware of the war's end, [3] leading up to U.S. recognition of ...
"The first manifestation of Philippine nationalism followed in the decades of the 1880s and the 1890s, with a reform or propaganda movement, conducted both in Spain and in the Philippines, for the purpose of "propagandizing" Philippine conditions in the hopes that desired changes in the social, political and economic life of the Filipinos would ...
Representing the Philippine Government, on June 14, 1942, President Quezon signed the Declaration by United Nations of January 1, 1942, joining with the group of nations pledged as being "engaged in a common struggle against save and brutal forces seeking to subjugate the world," [13] making the Philippines one of nine governments-in-exile to ...
Smith, the Philippine Supreme Court wrote that a complete separation of Church and State had been caused by the change of sovereignty from Spain to the United States. [59] In Philippines vs. Lo-Lo and Saraw, the court said, more clearly, "By the Treaty of Paris, Spain ceded the Philippine Islands to the United States." [60]
On Jul 1, 2024, Mariflor Punzalan-Castillo, Issued Office Order 380-24-MPC, which is in view of the compulsory retirement of Justice Victoria Isabel Alvarez-Paredes on Jul 1, 2024, Taking into consideration the order if seniority under Rule 1 of the 2009 Internal Rules of the Court of Appeals, the Statements of Preference and exigency of the ...