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  2. Read–modify–write - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read–modifywrite

    Read–modifywrite instructions often produce unexpected results when used on I/O devices, as a write operation may not affect the same internal register that would be accessed in a read operation. [3] This term is also associated with RAID levels that perform actual write operations as atomic read–modifywrite sequences. [4]

  3. chmod - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chmod

    Sets read and write permission for user, sets read for Group, and denies access for Others: chmod -R u+w,go-w docs: Adds write permission to the directory docs and all its contents (i.e. Recursively) for owner, and removes write permission for group and others chmod ug=rw groupAgreements.txt: Sets read and write permissions for user and Group

  4. Shared register - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shared_register

    A shared (read/write) register, sometimes just called a register, is a fundamental type of shared data structure which stores a value and has two operations: read, which returns the value stored in the register, and write, which updates the value stored. Other types of shared data structures include read–modifywrite, test-and-set, compare ...

  5. Modified Harvard architecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modified_Harvard_architecture

    Accordingly, some pure Harvard machines are specialty products. Most modern computers instead implement a modified Harvard architecture. Those modifications are various ways to loosen the strict separation between code and data, while still supporting the higher performance concurrent data and instruction access of the Harvard architecture.

  6. Test-and-set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-and-set

    Those that do not can still implement an atomic test-and-set using a read-modify-write or compare-and-swap instruction. The test and set instruction, when used with boolean values, uses logic like that shown in the following function, except that the function must execute atomically. That is, no other process must be able to interrupt the ...

  7. Consistency model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consistency_model

    This model also differs from Alpha and RMO in terms of atomicity. It allows a write to be seen earlier than a read's completion. A combination of read modify write operations may be required to make an illusion of write atomicity. RMO and PowerPC allow reordering of reads to the same location. These models violate sequential order in examples A ...

  8. Dirty bit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirty_bit

    When speaking about page replacement, each page may have a modify bit associated with it in the hardware. The dirty bit for a page is set by the hardware whenever any word or byte in the page is written into, indicating that the page has been modified. When a page is selected for replacement, the modify bit is examined.

  9. Write amplification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Write_amplification

    This difference is 28%, 14%, 7% and 0% respectively and is the basis for the manufacturer claiming they have 28% of over-provisioning on their drive. This does not count the additional 7.37% of capacity available from the difference between the decimal and binary gigabyte.