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There are two conventions regarding the standard boiling point of water: The normal boiling point is commonly given as 100 °C (212 °F) (actually 99.97 °C (211.9 °F) following the thermodynamic definition of the Celsius scale based on the kelvin) at a pressure of 1 atm (101.325 kPa).
The difference in boiling points allows the isotopologues to be separated. The self-diffusion coefficient of H 2 O at 25 °C is 23% higher than the value of D 2 O. [79] Because water molecules exchange hydrogen atoms with one another, hydrogen deuterium oxide (DOH) is much more common in low-purity heavy water than pure dideuterium monoxide D 2 O.
The Clausius-Clapeyron relation also applies to the boiling point, but with the liquid/gas transition the vapor phase has a much lower density than the liquid phase, so the boiling point increases with pressure. [65] Water can remain in a liquid state at high temperatures in the deep ocean or underground. For example, temperatures exceed 205 ...
In normal water, about 1 molecule in 3,200 is HDO (one hydrogen in 6,400 is 2 H), and heavy water molecules (D 2 O) only occur in a proportion of about 1 molecule in 41 million (i.e. one in 6,400 2) [citation needed]. Thus semiheavy water molecules are far more common than "pure" (homoisotopic) heavy water molecules.
Up to 99.63 °C (the boiling point of water at 0.1 MPa), at this pressure water exists as a liquid. Above that, it exists as water vapor. Note that the boiling point of 100.0 °C is at a pressure of 0.101325 MPa (1 atm), which is the average atmospheric pressure.
The boiling point of water is the temperature at which the saturated vapor pressure equals the ambient pressure. Water supercooled below its normal freezing point has a higher vapor pressure than that of ice at the same temperature and is, thus, unstable. Calculations of the (saturation) vapor pressure of water are commonly used in meteorology.
Seawater. Boiling water.. Properties of water – Physical and chemical properties of pure water; Electrolysis of water – Electricity-induced chemical reaction; Water of crystallization – Water molecules present inside crystals
This is a list of the various reported boiling points for the elements, with recommended values to be used elsewhere on Wikipedia. ... all values refer to the normal ...