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Test coverage refers to the percentage of software requirements that are tested by black-box testing for a system or application. [7] This is in contrast with code coverage , which examines the inner workings of a program and measures the degree to which the source code of a program is executed when a test suite is run. [ 8 ]
Orthogonal array testing is a systematic and statistically-driven black-box testing technique employed in the field of software testing. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This method is particularly valuable in scenarios where the number of inputs to a system is substantial enough to make exhaustive testing impractical.
The term "black box" is used because the actual program being executed is not examined. In computing in general, a black box program is one where the user cannot see the inner workings (perhaps because it is a closed source program) or one which has no side effects and the function of which need not be examined, a routine suitable for re-use.
A rigorous test case based approach is often traditional for large software engineering projects that follow a Waterfall model. [2] However, at least one recent study did not show a dramatic difference in defect detection efficiency between exploratory testing and test case based testing. [3] Testing can be through black-, white-or grey-box ...
Software testing can often be divided into white-box and black-box. These two approaches are used to describe the point of view that the tester takes when designing test cases. A hybrid approach called grey-box that includes aspects of both boxes may also be applied to software testing methodology. [31] [32]
Pros and Cons of black box testing include: Test case generation in black box testing is fairly simple. Their generation is completely independent of software development and can be done in an early stage of development. As a consequence, the programmer has better knowledge of how to design the database application and uses less time for debugging.
“Although it gets scant public attention compared with airstrikes, troop deployments, sexual assault statistics or major weapons programs, the reliability of the Pentagon’s financial statement ...
On the other hand, black-box testing has been said to be "like a walk in a dark labyrinth without a flashlight." [5] Because they do not examine the source code, there are situations when a tester writes many test cases to check something that could have been tested by only one test case, or leaves some parts of the program untested.