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  2. Informal fallacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informal_fallacy

    Another version of the appeal to ignorance concludes from the absence of proof against a claim that this claim must be true. Arguments from analogy are also susceptible to fallacies of relevance. An analogy is a comparison between two objects based on similarity.

  3. Argument from ignorance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_from_ignorance

    John Locke (1632–1704), the likely originator of the term.. Argument from ignorance (Latin: argumentum ad ignorantiam), or appeal to ignorance, [a] is an informal fallacy where something is claimed to be true or false because of a lack of evidence to the contrary.

  4. Ignorance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignorance

    Ignorance is a lack of knowledge or understanding.Deliberate ignorance is a culturally-induced phenomenon, the study of which is called agnotology.. The word "ignorant" is an adjective that describes a person in the state of being unaware, or even cognitive dissonance and other cognitive relation, and can describe individuals who are unaware of important information or facts.

  5. Straw man - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straw_man

    The straw man fallacy occurs in the following pattern of argument: . Person 1 asserts proposition X.; Person 2 argues against a superficially similar proposition Y, falsely, as if an argument against Y were an argument against X.

  6. Pluralistic ignorance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluralistic_ignorance

    Researchers have called this misperception a false social reality, a form of pluralistic ignorance. [1] [2] In social psychology, pluralistic ignorance (also known as a collective illusion) [3] is a phenomenon in which people mistakenly believe that others predominantly hold an opinion different from their own. [4]

  7. Agnotology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnotology

    There is a cult of ignorance in the United States, and there has always been. The strain of anti-intellectualism has been a constant thread winding its way through our political and cultural life, nurtured by the false notion that democracy means that "my ignorance is just as good as your knowledge".. Isaac Asimov, 1980 [12]. The term was coined in 1992 by linguist and social historian Iain ...

  8. Thought-terminating cliché - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thought-terminating_cliché

    The language of the totalist environment is characterized by the thought-terminating cliché. The most far-reaching and complex of human problems are compressed into brief, highly reductive, definitive-sounding phrases, easily memorized, and easily expressed. They become the start and finish of any ideological analysis.

  9. Village idiot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Village_idiot

    De idioot bij de vijver (The Idiot By the Pond, 1926, Frits Van den Berghe) Bronze statue of Milyo, a "village idiot" of Plovdiv. The village idiot is, in strict terms, a person locally known for ignorance or stupidity but is also a common term for a stereotypically silly or nonsensical person or stock character.