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In mathematics, a topological algebra is an algebra and at the same time a topological space, where the algebraic and the topological structures are coherent in a specified sense. Definition [ edit ]
A three-dimensional model of a figure-eight knot.The figure-eight knot is a prime knot and has an Alexander–Briggs notation of 4 1.. Topology (from the Greek words τόπος, 'place, location', and λόγος, 'study') is the branch of mathematics concerned with the properties of a geometric object that are preserved under continuous deformations, such as stretching, twisting, crumpling ...
Classic applications of algebraic topology include: The Brouwer fixed point theorem : every continuous map from the unit n -disk to itself has a fixed point. The free rank of the n th homology group of a simplicial complex is the n th Betti number , which allows one to calculate the Euler–Poincaré characteristic .
It was established in 1971 as General Topology and Its Applications, and renamed to its current title in 1980. The journal currently publishes 18 issues each year in one volume. It is indexed by Scopus, Mathematical Reviews, and Zentralblatt MATH. Its 2004–2008 MCQ was 0.38 and its 2020 impact factor was 0.617. [1]
This corresponds also to the period where homological algebra and category theory were introduced for the study of topological spaces, and largely supplanted combinatorial methods. More recently the term combinatorial topology has been revived for investigations carried out by treating topological objects as composed of pieces as in the older ...
Algebra & Number Theory; Algebra Colloquium; Algebra i Logika; Algebra Universalis; Algebraic & Geometric Topology; Algebraic Combinatorics; American Journal of Mathematics; American Mathematical Monthly; Analysis and Applications; The Analyst, or, Mathematical Museum; Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae. Mathematica; Annales de Gergonne ...
In mathematics, specifically algebraic topology, the mapping cylinder [1] of a continuous function between topological spaces and is the quotient = (([,])) / where the denotes the disjoint union, and ~ is the equivalence relation generated by
The completion is a functorial operation: a continuous map f: R → S of topological rings gives rise to a map of their completions, ^: ^ ^. Moreover, if M and N are two modules over the same topological ring R and f : M → N is a continuous module map then f uniquely extends to the map of the completions: