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To establish appropriate alignment and occlusion, the size of upper and lower front teeth, or upper and lower teeth in general, needs to be proportional. Inter-arch tooth size discrepancy (ITSD) is defined as a disproportion in the mesio-distal dimensions of teeth of opposing dental arches.
It was theorized that positive selection for shovel-shaped incisors over the spatulate incisors is more commonly found within cultures that used their teeth as tools due to a greater structural strength in increased shovel-shaped incisors. [2] In some instances, incisors can present a more pronounced version of this called double shovel-shaped.
Dental anatomy is also a taxonomical science: it is concerned with the naming of teeth and the structures of which they are made, this information serving a practical purpose in dental treatment. Usually, there are 20 primary ("baby") teeth and 32 permanent teeth, the last four being third molars or " wisdom teeth ", each of which may or may ...
Dental caries (cavities), described as "tooth decay", is an infectious disease which damages the structures of teeth. [43] The disease can lead to pain , tooth loss , and infection. Dental caries has a long history, with evidence showing the disease was present in the Bronze , Iron , and Middle ages but also prior to the neolithic period. [ 44 ]
Overbite is often confused with overjet, which is the distance between the maxillary anterior teeth and the mandibular anterior teeth in the anterior-posterior axis. "Overbite" may also be used commonly to refer to Class II malocclusion or retrognathia, though this usage can be considered incorrect. This is where the mesiobuccal cusp of the ...
The molars or molar teeth are large, flat teeth at the back of the mouth. They are more developed in mammals. They are used primarily to grind food during chewing. The name molar derives from Latin, molaris dens, meaning "millstone tooth", from mola, millstone and dens, tooth. Molars show a great deal of diversity in size and shape across the ...
The dental arches are the two arches (crescent arrangements) of teeth, one on each jaw, that together constitute the dentition.In humans and many other species, the superior (maxillary or upper) dental arch is a little larger than the inferior (mandibular or lower) arch, so that in the normal condition the teeth in the maxilla (upper jaw) slightly overlap those of the mandible (lower jaw) both ...
In the generalized form, all teeth are involved. In the localized form, only a few teeth are involved. The most common teeth affected are the upper lateral incisors and third molars. Teeth affected by microdontia may also have abnormal shape, and the abnormal size may affect the whole tooth, or only a part of the tooth. [1]