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Kalingga (Javanese: Karajan Kalingga; Chinese: 訶陵; pinyin: Hēlíng; Middle Chinese: [hɑ.lɨŋ]) or She-po or She-bo (Chinese: 闍婆; pinyin: Shépó; Middle Chinese: [d͡ʑia.buɑ]) in Chinese sources, [1] or Ho-ling in Arabic scriptures of Umayyad Caliphate era; [2] was a 6th-century Indianized kingdom [broken anchor] on the north coast of Central Java, Indonesia.
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According to tradition, a foreign king placed a bag filled with gold on the intersection in Kalingga to test the famed truthfulness and honesty of Kalingga people. The bag was left undisturbed for three years, until Shima's son, the crown prince, accidentally stepped on it.
Tugu inscription now displayed in National Museum, mentioned about King Purnawarman of Tarumanagara. Purnawarman or Purnavarman was the 5th-century king of Tarumanagara, a Hindu Indianized kingdom, located in modern-day West Java, Jakarta and Banten provinces, Indonesia. [1]
Tarumanagara or Taruma Kingdom or just Taruma was an early Sundanese Indianised kingdom [broken anchor], located in western Java, whose 5th-century ruler, Purnawarman, produced the earliest known inscriptions in Java, which are estimated to date from around 358 CE.
Gajah Mada (c. 1290 – c. 1364), also known as Jirnnodhara, [3] was a powerful military leader and mahapatih [Note 3] of the Javanese empire of Majapahit during the 14th century.
With the death of Kertabhumi, Ranawijaya was now the undisputed ruler of Majapahit. [5] He styled himself Girindrawardhana, the latter to show continuity with his predecessors back to Kritavijaya in 1447.