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The ultimate tensile strength of a material is an intensive property; therefore its value does not depend on the size of the test specimen.However, depending on the material, it may be dependent on other factors, such as the preparation of the specimen, the presence or otherwise of surface defects, and the temperature of the test environment and material.
It is useful to evaluate web runability, controlling the quality of newsprint and characterizing the toughness of packaging paper. Tear strength for paper is measured in units of force, frequently measured with the Elmendorf Tester. Tear Factor is tear strength per unit basis weight, Tear_Strength/Grammage, or N/g/m 2.
Papercrete was also tested for its tensile strength. Fuller noted that a papercrete block was the equivalent of hundred of pages of paper - almost like a catalog. Papercrete has very good shear strength as a block. Lateral load involves sideways force - the wind load on the entire area of an outside wall for example.
A material property is an intensive property of a material, i.e., a physical property or chemical property that does not depend on the amount of the material. These quantitative properties may be used as a metric by which the benefits of one material versus another can be compared, thereby aiding in materials selection.
It has high tensile strength. The grammage is normally 40–135 g/m 2. Sack kraft paper, or just sack paper, is a porous kraft paper with high elasticity and high tear resistance, designed for packaging products with high demands for strength and durability. Absorbent kraft paper is made with controlled absorbency (i.e. a high degree of porosity).
The fatigue limit or endurance limit is the stress level below which an infinite number of loading cycles can be applied to a material without causing fatigue failure. [1] Some metals such as ferrous alloys and titanium alloys have a distinct limit, [ 2 ] whereas others such as aluminium and copper do not and will eventually fail even from ...
where is the volume fraction of the fibers in the composite (and is the volume fraction of the matrix).. If it is assumed that the composite material behaves as a linear-elastic material, i.e., abiding Hooke's law = for some elastic modulus of the composite and some strain of the composite , then equations 1 and 2 can be combined to give
The wet strength of paper and paperboard is a measure of how well the web of fibers holding the paper together can resist a force of rupture when the paper is wet. Wet strength is routinely expressed as the ratio of wet to dry tensile force at break. [1] With combined board such as corrugated fiberboard or with laminations, wet strength also ...