Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Hyperintensities are commonly divided into 3 types depending on the region of the brain where they are found. Deep white matter hyperintensities occur deep within white matter, periventricular white matter hyperintensities occur adjacent to the lateral ventricles and subcortical hyperintensities occur in the basal ganglia. [citation needed]
MRI image: Leukoaraiosis in a 90-year-old patient with cerebral atrophy. Head CT showing periventricular white matter lesions. Leukoaraiosis is a particular abnormal change in appearance of white matter near the lateral ventricles. It is often seen in aged individuals, but sometimes in young adults.
The basal ganglia is a collective group of structures in the brain. These include the striatum, (composed of the putamen and caudate nucleus), globus pallidus, substantia nigra, and the subthalamic nucleus. Along with other structures, the basal ganglia are part of a neural circuit that is integral to voluntary motor function. [1]
Basal ganglia disease is a group of movement disorders that result from either excessive output from the basal ganglia to the thalamus – hypokinetic disorders, or from insufficient output – hyperkinetic disorders. Hypokinetic disorders arise from an excessive output from the basal ganglia, which inhibits the output from the thalamus to the ...
As in images gathered through MRI, SPECT images indicated asymmetry in the presentation of abnormalities throughout the brain. [4] Additional studies have revealed the presence of perfusion anomalies in the thalamus , temporal cortex , basal ganglia, and pontocerebellar (from the pons to the cerebellum) locations within subjects' brains.
The basal ganglia play a key role in movement and behavior control. Their functions are not fully understood, but theories propose that they are part of the cognitive executive system [28] and the motor circuit. [59] The basal ganglia ordinarily inhibit a large number of circuits that generate specific movements.
The vessels that supply the subcortical white matter come from the vessels that support basal ganglia, internal capsule, and thalamus. It is described as its own zone by and susceptible to injury. Chronic hypertension is known to cause changes in the tension of the smooth wall vessels and changes in the vessel diameter. [3]
The striatum (pl.: striata) or corpus striatum [5] is a cluster of interconnected nuclei that make up the largest structure of the subcortical basal ganglia. [6] The striatum is a critical component of the motor and reward systems; receives glutamatergic and dopaminergic inputs from different sources; and serves as the primary input to the rest of the basal ganglia.