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Hemoglobin (haemoglobin, [a] Hb or Hgb) is a protein containing iron that facilitates the transportation of oxygen in red blood cells. Almost all vertebrates contain hemoglobin, [ 3 ] with the sole exception of the fish family Channichthyidae . [ 4 ]
Hemoglobin A is the most common adult form of hemoglobin and exists as a tetramer containing two alpha subunits and two beta subunits (α2β2). [3] Hemoglobin A2 (HbA2) is a less common adult form of hemoglobin and is composed of two alpha and two delta-globin subunits. This hemoglobin makes up 1-3% of hemoglobin in adults.
Molecular structure diagrams used in drug-related pharmacology articles should be created using a molecule editor program, such as ChemDraw, ChemSketch, or ISIS/Draw (ChemDraw and Isis/draw are commercial software packages, ChemSketch is freeware.
Hemoglobin variants occur when there are mutations in specific genes that code for the protein chains, known as globins, which make up the hemoglobin molecule. This leads to amino acid substitutions in the hemoglobin molecule that
Carbaminohemoglobin (carbaminohaemoglobin BrE) (CO 2 Hb, also known as carbhemoglobin and carbohemoglobin) is a compound of hemoglobin and carbon dioxide, and is one of the forms in which carbon dioxide exists in the blood. [1]
Fetal hemoglobin, or foetal haemoglobin (also hemoglobin F, HbF, or α 2 γ 2) is the main oxygen carrier protein in the human fetus. Hemoglobin F is found in fetal red blood cells , and is involved in transporting oxygen from the mother's bloodstream to organs and tissues in the fetus.
Draw the structure, and save it as a ChemDraw file. If you drew the structure before applying any settings, then you need to select the object, open the "Object" menu and choose "Apply document settings from → ACS Document 1996". Then save it as a PNG file, to be read by an image editor such as GIMP or IrfanView (see below for details).
Hemoglobin D has the basic structure and composition of normal adult hemoglobin. It is a globular protein containing prosthetic (non-protein) group called heme. There are four individual peptide chains, namely two α- and two β-subunits, each made of 141 and 146 amino acid residues, respectively.