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The process of kiln or oven drying firewood was invented by Anthony Cutara, for which a successful US patent was filed in 1983. [22] In 1987 the US Department of Agriculture replicated the method and published a detailed procedure for the production of kiln dried firewood, citing the higher heat output and increased combustion efficiency as a ...
A cord of wood. The cord is a unit of measure of dry volume used to measure firewood and pulpwood in the United States and Canada.. A cord is the amount of wood that, when "racked and well stowed" (arranged so pieces are aligned, parallel, touching, and compact), occupies a volume of 128 cubic feet (3.62 m 3). [1]
Air-drying timber stack. Wood drying (also seasoning lumber or wood seasoning) reduces the moisture content of wood before its use. When the drying is done in a kiln, the product is known as kiln-dried timber or lumber, whereas air drying is the more traditional method.
Green wood contains more moisture than seasoned wood, which has been dried through passage of time or by forced drying in kilns. Green wood is considered to have 100% moisture content relative to air-dried or seasoned wood, which is considered to be 20%.
In the United States and Canada, firewood is usually sold by the cord, 128 ft 3 (3.62 m 3), corresponding to a woodpile 8 ft wide × 4 ft high of 4 ft-long logs. The cord is legally defined by statute in most U.S. states. A "thrown cord" is firewood that has not been stacked and is defined as 4 ft wide × 4 ft tall × 10 ft long.
Vacuum microwave drying is used for the US Army's experimental Close Combat Assault Ration. [3] Freeze drying or lyophilization is a drying method where the solvent is frozen prior to drying and is then sublimed, i.e., passed to the gas phase directly from the solid phase, below the melting point of the solvent. It is increasingly applied to ...
Drying starts at the bottom of the bin, which is the first place air contacts. The dry air is brought up by the fan through a layer of wet grain. Drying happens in a layer of 1 to 2 feet thick, which is called the drying zone. The drying zone moves from the bottom of the bin to the top, and when it reaches the highest layer, the grain is dry.
The output capacity of a firewood processor varies with the size and cost of the machine, from one cord per hour on a $22,000 entry-level machine (2020 prices)., [4] up to five or six cords per hour on a $60,000 industrial machine. (2020 prices). [5] See notes on output capacity ratings below.