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The selection and training of astronauts are integrated processes to ensure the crew members are qualified for space missions. [6] The training is categorized into five objectives to train the astronauts on the general and specific aspects: basic training, advanced training, mission-specific training, onboard training, and proficiency maintenance training. [7]
The organization is owned by NASA, and operated under a contract by the nonprofit Manned Spaceflight Education Foundation, a 501(c)(3) organization. The Johnson Space Center is the home of Mission Control and astronaut training. [3] The center opened in 1992 [4] replacing the former Visitor Center in Johnson Space Center Building 2.
CAVES 2019: astronaut base camp in the cave interior. CAVES, an acronym for Cooperative Adventure for Valuing and Exercising human behaviour and performance Skills, is a European Space Agency astronaut training course in which international astronauts train in a space-analogue cave environment. [1]
PANGAEA (Planetary Analogue Geological and Astrobiological Exercise for Astronauts) is an astronaut training course developed by the European Space Agency (ESA). It provides foundational knowledge and skills primarily in field geology to prepare astronauts for advanced mission-specific training for Moon and Mars missions.
Astronaut training in the Reduced Gravity Walking Simulator located in the hangar at Langley Research Center. This position meant that a person's legs experienced only one sixth of their weight, which was the equivalent of being on the lunar surface.
In the late 1980s NASA began to consider replacing its previous neutral-buoyancy training facility, the Weightless Environment Training Facility (WETF). The WETF, located at Johnson Space Center, had been successfully used to train astronauts for numerous missions, but its pool was too small to hold useful mock-ups of space station components of the sorts intended for the mooted Space Station ...
Multi-Axis Trainer at the Euro Space Center. An aerotrim (also known as Multi-Axis Trainer or MAT) is a 3-axis gimbal large enough to contain a human being, used for cardiovascular workout and equilibrioception (balance) training in pilots and astronauts.
An astronaut training at the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory at the Johnson Space Center. Neutral buoyancy simulation with astronauts immersed in a neutral buoyancy pool , in pressure suits, can help to prepare astronauts for the difficult task of working while outside a spacecraft in an apparently weightless environment.