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Jute fibers, composed primarily of cellulose and lignin, are collected from bast (the phloem of the plant, sometimes called the "skin") of plants like kenaf, industrial hemp, flax , and ramie. The industrial term for jute fiber is raw jute. The fibers are off-white to brown and range from 1–4 meters (3.3–13.1 ft) long.
The jute trade is centered mainly around India's West Bengal and Assam, and Bangladesh. The major producing country of jute is India [1] and biggest exporter is Bangladesh, due to their natural fertile soil [citation needed]. Production of jute by India and Bangladesh are respectively 1.968 million ton and 1.349 million metric ton. [2]
Jute fiber being dried in sunlight after natural or microbial retting. Retting is the process of extracting fibers from the tough stem or bast of the bast fiber plants. The available retting processes are: mechanical retting (hammering), chemical retting (boiling & applying chemicals), steam/vapor/dew retting, and water or microbial retting.
The language that the Anglo-Saxon settlers spoke is known as Old English. There are four main dialectal forms, namely Mercian, Northumbrian, West Saxon and Kentish. [70] Based on Bede's description of where the Jutes settled, Kentish was spoken in what are now the modern-day counties of Kent, Surrey, southern Hampshire and the Isle of Wight. [71]
Jute mallow or Jew's mallow or Nalita jute (Corchorus olitorius, also known as "Jute leaves", [2] "Tossa jute", "Mloukheyeh" and "West African sorrel") is a species of shrub in the family Malvaceae. Together with C. capsularis it is the primary source of jute fiber.
Mulukhiyah (Arabic: ملوخية, romanized: mulūkhiyyah), also known as mulukhiyya, molokhiyya, melokhiyya, or ewédú, is a type of jute plant and a dish made from the leaves of Corchorus olitorius, commonly known in English as jute, jute leaves, jute mallow, nalta jute, or tossa jute.
The International Jute Study Group (IJSG) is an intergovernmental organization of states that functions as the international commodity board for jute, kenaf, and related fibres. The IJSG functions as a body of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. Its main purpose is to ensure transparency in the international trade of jute ...
The jute industry is a historically and culturally important industry in Bangladesh dating back to during the growth of the East India Company in the Indian subcontinent. Despite once being one of the country's biggest industries and major export items, the jute industry has declined since the 1970s.