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The Ancient Greek participle is a non-finite nominal verb form declined for gender, number and case (thus, it is a verbal adjective) and has many functions in Ancient Greek. It can be active , middle or passive and can be used in the present , future , aorist and perfect tense; these tenses normally represent not absolute time but only time ...
Participles are used in various ways in Greek. Often, for example, the first of two verbs is replaced by an aorist participle: ταῦτ’ εἰπὼν ἐκαθέζετο. [35] taût’ eipṑn ekathézeto. After saying this, he sat down. A participle can also be used with the definite article, with the meaning "the one who" or "those who": [36]
Participles were given the name μετοχή metokhḗ "sharing" by Greek grammarians, because they share the characteristics of both adjectives and verbs. Like adjectives, they have gender, case, and number and agree with the nouns that they modify, and, like verbs, they have tense and voice.
The Arabic verb has two participles: an active participle (ʾism al-fāʿil اسم الفاعل) and a passive participle (ʾism al-mafʿūl اسم المفعول), and the form of the participle is predictable by inspection of the dictionary form of the verb. These participles are inflected for gender, number and case, but not person.
In Ancient Greek grammar, the genitive absolute is a grammatical construction consisting of a participle and often a noun both in the genitive case, which is very similar to the ablative absolute in Latin.
The verb in the protasis, which would have been an imperfect indicative in the original speech, has been changed to a present participle using the genitive absolute construction. The aorist tense main verb has been changed into the aorist infinitive; the particle ἄν (án) is retained, but has been placed after the participle: [89]
In the grammar of Ancient Greek, an aorist (pronounced / ˈ eɪ. ə r ɪ s t / or / ˈ ɛər ɪ s t /) (from the Ancient Greek ἀόριστος aóristos, 'undefined') is a type of verb that carries certain information about a grammatical feature called aspect. For example, an English speaker might say either "The tree died" or "The tree was ...
This use of the participle is known as the circumstantial participle in the grammar of classical Greek, i.e. the participle gives a circumstance (the coming) attendant on the main verb (the taking). [3] It is a form of hypotaxis, where English would use parataxis, the conjunction of two verbs, "come and take". This construction normally (but ...