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These typically become prepupa in mid- or late summer, then go into diapause for autumn and winter, resuming development in spring or early summer. [6] In honeybees, a larva about to become a prepupa first orients its anterior end towards the cap of its cell. It spins a cocoon around itself and progresses to the prepupa stage.
Lifestages of a holometabolous insect ().Egg is not shown. Third, fourth, and fifth images depict different ages of pupae. Holometabolism, also called complete metamorphosis, is a form of insect development which includes four life stages: egg, larva, pupa, and imago (or adult).
The prepupa or last larval instar of insects ceases to feed and (in some cases) searches for a place to pupate, [5] [6] but this also is not considered hypermetamorphosis. Early instars of Papilio polytes (left) resemble a bird dropping, while the late ones (right) are too big to do so, and are simply camouflaged as a leaf.
Male second-instar nymphs feed for a short period, then produce a narrow, felt sac around the body. In this sac they develop through the stages of prepupa and pupa to adulthood. Males thus have five post-egg stages in total. Adult females move around for a short period of time until they find a suitable place to feed, then settle down.
The prepupa lasts about 92 hours for C. latifrons. The third stage of the life cycle is known as the pupa stage, and is very similar in susceptibility to the egg stage. This pupa stage tends to last 6 days, and is characterized by its hard, brown casing, whereabouts the larva transitions to the adult stage.
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Winter is spent in the soil as a prepupa. Adults emerge in late spring and females lay eggs in elongating shoots. Larvae feed on needles for 3–4 weeks, generally in late June and early July. However, emergence can be delayed for some individuals larva can be present throughout the summer.
The larva feeds on the secretions of a "milk gland" in the uterus of its mother. The female gives birth to a fully mature white prepupa. She may produce larvae for as long as 10 months. A newborn prepupa immediately darkens, forms the puparium, and begins to pupate on the forest floor, or where the deer are bedded.