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This produces a caved-in or sunken appearance of the chest. It can either be present at birth or develop after puberty. Pectus excavatum can impair cardiac and respiratory function and cause pain in the chest and back. People with the condition may experience severe negative psychosocial effects and avoid activities that expose the chest. [1]
Abnormalities of the rib cage include pectus excavatum ("sunken chest") and pectus carinatum ("pigeon chest"). A bifid rib is a bifurcated rib, split towards the sternal end, and usually just affecting one of the ribs of a pair. It is a congenital defect affecting about 1.2% of the population. It is often without symptoms though respiratory ...
Pectus carinatum, also called pigeon chest, is a malformation of the chest characterized by a protrusion of the sternum and ribs. It is distinct from the related malformation pectus excavatum . Signs and symptoms
Pectus excavatum, sternum sunken into the chest [9] Pectus carinatum , sternum protruding from the chest [ 10 ] In addition to measuring the patient's respiratory rate, the examiner will observe the patient's breathing pattern:
The breast bone may either protrude or be sunken, while the spine may be abnormally curved. [1] Intelligence is often normal. [1] Complications of NS can include leukemia. [1] A number of genetic mutations can result in Noonan syndrome. [1] The condition may be inherited as an autosomal dominant condition or occur as a new mutation.
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The suprasternal notch, also known as the fossa jugularis sternalis, jugular notch, or Plender gap, is a large, visible dip in between the neck in humans, between the clavicles, and above the manubrium of the sternum.
Other common features include a "marfanoid habitus" characterized by long, slender fingers (arachnodactyly), unusually long limbs, and a sunken chest (pectus excavatum) or protruding chest (pectus carinatum). [5] It can be caused by variations in the gene PLOD1, or rarely, in the FKBP14 gene. [33]