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Rudolf Virchow Medical Society is based in New York, and offers Rudolf Virchow Medal. [139] Hospital – Campus Virchow Klinikum, Cardiology Center. Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK) is the name of a campus of Charité hospital in Berlin. The Rudolf Virchow Monument, a muscular limestone statue, was erected in 1910 at Karlplatz in Berlin. [140]
The heat death of the universe (also known as the Big Chill or Big Freeze) [1] [2] is a hypothesis on the ultimate fate of the universe, which suggests the universe will evolve to a state of no thermodynamic free energy, and will therefore be unable to sustain processes that increase entropy.
The universe should thus achieve, or asymptotically tend to, thermodynamic equilibrium, which corresponds to a state where no thermodynamic free energy is left, and therefore no further work is possible: this is the heat death of the universe, as predicted by Lord Kelvin in 1852.
Far in the future, past the death of the Sun and the annihilation of the Earth, everything will simply evaporate.
It is perceived that the laws of "macro-physics" will break down, and the laws of quantum physics will prevail. [8] The universe could possibly avoid eternal heat death through random quantum tunneling and quantum fluctuations, given the non-zero probability of producing a new Big Bang creating a new universe in roughly 10 10 10 56 years. [55]
In thermodynamics, a parameter representing the state of disorder of a system at the atomic, ionic, or molecular level; the greater the disorder the higher the entropy. [6] A measure of disorder in the universe or of the unavailability of the energy in a system to do work. [7] Entropy and disorder also have associations with equilibrium. [8]
In 1855, Rudolf Virchow added the third tenet to cell theory. In Latin, this tenet states Omnis cellula e cellula. This translated to: 3. All cells arise only from pre-existing cells. However, the idea that all cells come from pre-existing cells had already been proposed by Robert Remak; it has been suggested that Virchow plagiarized Remak. [12]
The Big Crunch is a hypothetical scenario for the ultimate fate of the universe, in which the expansion of the universe eventually reverses and the universe recollapses, ultimately causing the cosmic scale factor to reach absolute zero, an event potentially followed by a reformation of the universe starting with another Big Bang.