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The Xianyun appear to have been a fairly structured society occupying a broad expanse from the Hetao area of the Yellow River to the Upper Yellow River valley. Xianyun society was fairly uniform culturally, with a high level of concentration at the top, and was capable of coordinated action against the Zhou dynasty.
As a result of phonetical studies and comparisons based on the inscriptions on bronze and the structure of the characters, Wang Guowei came to the conclusion that the tribal names in the annalistic sources Guifang, Xunyu, Xianyu, Xianyun, Rong, Di, [g] and Hu designated one and the same people, who later entered history under the name Xiongnu.
Kim has stated that the dominant Xiongnu language was likely Turkic or Yeniseian, but has cautioned that the Xiongnu were definitely a multi-ethnic society. [157] Pulleybank and D. N. Keightley asserted that the Xiongnu titles "were originally Siberian words but were later borrowed by the Turkic and Mongolic peoples". [158]
There are also those who believe that the culture was a remnant of Xunyu, which is associated with the Xianyun people. However, questions are raised against this theory since Siwa sites are small with low subsistence levels. [10] According to Feng Li, these could not have sustained an advanced society like the Xianyun. [10] The debate remains ...
This is considered as a possible depiction of a Xianyun or Guifang. [1] The Xunyu (Chinese: 獯鬻; Wade–Giles: Hsünyü; Old Chinese: *qʰun-lug, (Schuessler): *hun-juk [2]) is the name of an ancient nomadic tribe which invaded China during legendary times. They are traditionally identified with the Guifang, the Xianyun and the Xiongnu. [3]
This is considered as a possible depiction of a Xianyun (who may be identical with the Quanrong) or Guifang. [1] The Quanrong (Chinese: 犬戎; pinyin: Quǎnróng) or Dog Rong [a] were an ethnic group, classified by the ancient Chinese as "Qiang", active in the northwestern part of China during and after the Zhou dynasty (1046–221 BCE).
This is considered as a possible depiction of a Xianyun. [ 5 ] The historian Li Feng says that during the Western Zhou period, since the term Rong "warlike foreigners" was "often used in bronze inscriptions to mean 'warfare', it is likely that when a people was called 'Rong', the Zhou considered them as political and military adversaries rather ...
The Blue Shirts Society (BSS)(藍衣社), also known as the Society of Practice of the Three Principles of the People (Chinese: 三民主義力行社, commonly abbreviated as SPTPP), the Spirit Encouragement Society (勵志社, SES) and the China Reconstruction Society (中華復興社, CRS), was a secret ultranationalist faction in the Kuomintang inspired by German and Italian fascists.