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Lead (82 Pb) has four observationally stable isotopes: 204 Pb, 206 Pb, 207 Pb, 208 Pb. Lead-204 is entirely a primordial nuclide and is not a radiogenic nuclide.The three isotopes lead-206, lead-207, and lead-208 represent the ends of three decay chains: the uranium series (or radium series), the actinium series, and the thorium series, respectively; a fourth decay chain, the neptunium series ...
The high number of isotopes is consistent with lead's atomic number being even. [g] Lead has a magic number of protons (82), for which the nuclear shell model accurately predicts an especially stable nucleus. [39] Lead-208 has 126 neutrons, another magic number, which may explain why lead-208 is extraordinarily stable. [39]
Specifically, 206 Pb is formed from 238 U, 207 Pb from 235 U, and 208 Pb from 232 Th. In rocks that contain uranium and thorium, the excess amounts of the three heavier lead isotopes allows the rocks to be "dated", thus providing a time estimate for when the rock solidified and the mineral held the ratio of isotopes fixed and in place.
This is a list of radioactive nuclides (sometimes also called isotopes), ordered by half-life from shortest to longest, in seconds, minutes, hours, days and years. Current methods make it difficult to measure half-lives between approximately 10 −19 and 10 −10 seconds.
The stable nuclide 206 Pb has Z = 82 and N = 124, for example. For this reason, the valley of stability does not follow the line Z = N for A larger than 40 (Z = 20 is the element calcium). [3] Neutron number increases along the line of beta stability at a faster rate than atomic number.
Pages in category "Isotopes of lead" The following 105 pages are in this category, out of 105 total. ... Lead-206; Lead-206m1; Lead-206m2; Lead-207; Lead-207m; Lead ...
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Thus, the only sources of lead in a zircon crystal are through decay of uranium and thorium. Both the uranium-235 and uranium-238 series decay into an isotope of lead. The half-life of converting 235 U to 207 Pb is 710 million years, and the half-life of converting 238 U to 206 Pb is 4.47 billion years. Because of high resolution mass ...