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William Playfair (22 September 1759 – 11 February 1823) was a Scottish engineer and political economist.The founder of graphical methods of statistics, [1] Playfair invented several types of diagrams: in 1786 he introduced the line, area and bar chart of economic data, and in 1801 he published what were likely the first pie chart and circle graph, used to show part-whole relations. [2]
In 1786, he plotted ten years of money spent by the Royal Navy. He supplemented the chart with a detailed description, telling his readers how to interpret the change over time because they were unfamiliar with this form of abstract visualization. In addition to line charts, Playfair invented and popularized bar charts and pie charts. [4]
Square charts, also called waffle charts, are a form of pie charts that use squares instead of circles to represent percentages. Similar to basic circular pie charts, square pie charts take each percentage out of a total 100%. They are often 10 by 10 grids, where each cell represents 1%.
Livegap Charts creates line, bar, spider, polar-area and pie charts, and can export them as images without needing to download any tools. Veusz is a free scientific graphing tool that can produce 2D and 3D plots. Users can use it as a module in Python. GeoGebra is open-source graphing calculator and is freely available for non-commercial users.
William Playfair who produced what could be called the first line, bar, pie, and area charts. For example, in 1786 he published the well known diagram that depicts the evolution of England's imports and exports, [4]
William Playfair is usually credited with inventing the area charts as well as the line, bar, and pie charts.His book The Commercial and Political Atlas, published in 1786, contained a number of time-series graphs, including Interest of the National Debt from the Revolution and Chart of all the Imports and Exports to and from England from the Year 1700 to 1782 that are often described as the ...
Statistical charts and diagrams. Resources: Category:Bar chart templates - to make bar charts. ... Lexis diagram; Line chart; Log–log plot; ... Pie chart; William ...
A Pareto chart is a type of chart that contains both bars and a line graph, where individual values are represented in descending order by bars, and the cumulative total is represented by the line. The chart is named for the Pareto principle , which, in turn, derives its name from Vilfredo Pareto , a noted Italian economist.