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Pope Alexander II (1010/1015 – 21 April 1073), born Anselm of Baggio, [1] was the head of the Roman Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1061 to his death in 1073. Born in Milan , Anselm was deeply involved in the Pataria reform movement.
On February 1, 1130, Pope Innocent II was elected, but some of the cardinals elected an antipope, Cardinal Pierleoni, who took the name of Anacletus II. Threatened by Anaclet's schism, which lasted 8 years, Innocent II regained his power only with the support of France, England and the Emperor. [7]
Harold II, King of England, for perhaps politically motivated reasons by Pope Alexander II in order to justify the invasion and takeover of the kingdom by William the Conqueror in 1066. [39] Bolesław II the Generous, Duke of Poland, was excommunicated in 1080 after murdering the bishop Saint Stanislaus of Kraków.
In opposition to Pope Alexander II: 156 30 September 1061 – 21 April 1073 (11 years, 203 days) Alexander II ALEXANDER Secundus: Anselmo da Baggio c. 1018 Baggio, Free Commune of Milan, Holy Roman Empire 46 / 58 Citizen of the Free Commune of Milan. Authorized the Norman conquest of England in 1066. 157 22 April 1073 – 25 May 1085 (12 years ...
He appealed to Pope Alexander II who gave his blessing and ordered English clergy to submit to William's authority. [20] At the time of the Norman Conquest, there were only 15 diocesan bishops in England, increased to 17 in the 12th century with the creation of the sees of Ely and Carlisle. This is far fewer than the numbers in France and Italy ...
At William's request, Pope Alexander sent his three legates: Ermenfrid, Peter and John to England with the task of reforming the English clergy. Despite this, the decree precedes the Gregorian Reform movement of Pope Gregory VII and his papal curia and the seismic debates that followed regarding plurality as well as other supposed ills and ...
There have been 266 popes: 217 from Italy (Including Pope Paul I, II, III, IV, V, VI, Pope Pius I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII); 16 from France (Pope Sylvester II, Pope Stephen IX, Pope Nicholas II, Pope Urban II, Pope Callistus II, Pope Urban IV, Pope Clement IV, Pope Innocent V, Pope Martin IV, Pope Clement V, Pope John XXII, Pope Benedict XII, Pope Clement VI, Pope ...
Pope Alexander II sent the issue back to England, to be settled at a council convened by the papal legate. This council took place at Winchester in April 1072, and Lanfranc was victorious on both the primacy issue as well as the dioceses. [7] The victory was drawn up in the Accord of Winchester, to which those present affixed their names. [8]