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Undernutrition is sometimes used synonymously with malnutrition, however, malnutrition could mean both undernutrition or overnutrition (causing childhood obesity). The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that malnutrition accounts for 54 percent of child mortality worldwide, [ 5 ] which is about 1 million children. [ 2 ]
Studies on malnutrition have the population categorised into different groups including infants, under-five children, children, adolescents, pregnant women, adults and the elderly population. The use of different growth references in different studies leads to variances in the undernutrition prevalence reported in different studies.
Stunted children are more likely to develop obesity and chronic diseases upon reaching adulthood. [107] Therefore, malnutrition resulting in stunting can further worsen the obesity epidemic, especially in low and middle income countries. [107] This creates even new economic and social challenges for vulnerable impoverished groups. [107]
Malnutrition in children is covered by multiple articles: Undernutrition in children; Childhood obesity This page was last edited on 29 ...
Child nutrition in India is a serious problem for the public administration. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] However India is on course to meet select child nutrition targets such as the target for stunting . [ 3 ] In 2019, according to UNICEF report, malnutrition is the cause of 69% of deaths among children below 5 years in India.
The Improving Child Nutrition and Education Act of 2016 was a bill introduced in the United States Congress aimed at enhancing child nutrition programs and education. [13] The key provisions of the bill included expanding access to school meal programs, promoting nutrition education, streamlining administrative processes, and addressing food waste.
The low-cost food that is generally affordable to the poor in affluent nations is low in nutritional value and high in fats, sugars and additives. In rich countries, therefore, obesity is often a sign of poverty and malnutrition while in poorer countries obesity is more associated with wealth and good nutrition.
In addition to academic and behavioral problems, children with inadequate diets are more prone to illnesses. Researchers have found that malnutrition leads to an array of health problems that can become chronic. [9] Underfed children may have "extreme weight loss, stunted growth, weakened resistance to infection", and even early death.