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  2. Packing problems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packing_problems

    For example, it is possible to pack 147 rectangles of size (137,95) in a rectangle of size (1600,1230). Packing different rectangles in a rectangle : The problem of packing multiple rectangles of varying widths and heights in an enclosing rectangle of minimum area (but with no boundaries on the enclosing rectangle's width or height) has an ...

  3. Dimensional weight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimensional_weight

    The 35.1 pounds is the 'theoretical" weight of the package if it had a density of 166 in 3 /lb or 10.4 lb/ft 3: (18 × 18 × 18) = 3.375 ft 3 × 10.4 lb/ft 3 = 35.1 lb. Note that for the USPS there are two different calculations for DIM weight: (L × W × H)/194 for domestic shipments and (L × W × H)/166 for international shipments.

  4. Bin packing problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bin_packing_problem

    In the first variant, called bin-packing with size-increasing fragmentation (BP-SIF), each item may be fragmented; overhead units are added to the size of every fragment. In the second variant, called bin-packing with size-preserving fragmentation ( BP-SPF ) each item has a size and a cost; fragmenting an item increases its cost but does not ...

  5. Mass fraction (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_fraction_(chemistry)

    Mass fraction can also be expressed, with a denominator of 100, as percentage by mass (in commercial contexts often called percentage by weight, abbreviated wt.% or % w/w; see mass versus weight). It is one way of expressing the composition of a mixture in a dimensionless size ; mole fraction (percentage by moles , mol%) and volume fraction ...

  6. Relative change - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_change

    The actual difference is not usually a good way to compare the numbers, in particular because it depends on the unit of measurement. For instance, 1 m is the same as 100 cm, but the absolute difference between 2 and 1 m is 1 while the absolute difference between 200 and 100 cm is 100, giving the impression of a larger difference. [4]

  7. Wilks coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilks_Coefficient

    Notably, the lighter lifter is actually stronger for his body-weight, with a total of 5 times his own weight, while the heavier lifter could only manage 4.375 times his own bodyweight. In this way, the Wilks Coefficient places a greater emphasis on absolute strength, rather than ranking lifters solely based on the relative strength of the ...

  8. Weight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weight

    The SI unit of weight is the same as that of force: the newton (N) – a derived unit which can also be expressed in SI base units as kg⋅m/s 2 (kilograms times metres per second squared). [ 21 ] In commercial and everyday use, the term "weight" is usually used to mean mass, and the verb "to weigh" means "to determine the mass of" or "to have ...

  9. Package testing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Package_testing

    Package testing or packaging testing involves the measurement of a characteristic or property involved with packaging. This includes packaging materials, packaging components, [ 1 ] primary packages, shipping containers , and unit loads , as well as the associated processes.