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Receptor theory is the application of receptor models to explain drug behavior. [1] Pharmacological receptor models preceded accurate knowledge of receptors by many years. [ 2 ] John Newport Langley and Paul Ehrlich introduced the concept that receptors can mediate drug action at the beginning of the 20th century.
Early forms of the receptor theory of pharmacology stated that a drug's effect is directly proportional to the number of receptors that are occupied. [14] Furthermore, a drug effect ceases as a drug-receptor complex dissociates.
However, there is no biological or physical theory that relates effects to the log of concentration. It is just convenient for graphing purposes. It is useful to note that 50% of the receptors are bound when [L]=K d. The graph shown represents the conc-response for two hypothetical receptor agonists, plotted in a semi-log fashion.
External reactions and internal reactions for signal transduction (click to enlarge) Signal transduction processes through membrane receptors involve the external reactions, in which the ligand binds to a membrane receptor, and the internal reactions, in which intracellular response is triggered. [10] [11]
This electrical signal, or receptor potential, takes a specific pathway through the nervous system to initiate a systematic response. Each type of receptor is specialized to respond preferentially to only one kind of stimulus energy, called the adequate stimulus. Sensory receptors have a well-defined range of stimuli to which they respond, and ...
The side-chain theory (German, Seitenkettentheorie) is a theory proposed by Paul Ehrlich (1854–1915) to explain the immune response in living cells. Ehrlich theorized from very early in his career that chemical structure could be used to explain why the immune response occurred in reaction to infection .
The difference here is that tirzepatide is a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist and a GLP-1 receptor agonist. ... Hypersensitivity reactions. Acute gallbladder ...
The receptor contains a seven amino acid sequence (Trp-Thr-Tyr-Asp-Gly-Thr-Lys) [21] in the α-subunit that demonstrates immunological cross-reactivity with a shared immunodominant domain of gpD of the herpes simplex virus (HSV). Similar to HIV-1, gpD also aids in binding to chemokines on the cell surface of the host to gain entry into the host.