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  2. Inbreeding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbreeding

    With continuous inbreeding, genetic variation is lost and homozygosity is increased, enabling the expression of recessive deleterious alleles in homozygotes. The coefficient of inbreeding , or the degree of inbreeding in an individual, is an estimate of the percent of homozygous alleles in the overall genome. [ 69 ]

  3. Zygosity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zygosity

    The words homozygous, heterozygous, and hemizygous are used to describe the genotype of a diploid organism at a single locus on the DNA. Homozygous describes a genotype consisting of two identical alleles at a given locus, heterozygous describes a genotype consisting of two different alleles at a locus, hemizygous describes a genotype consisting of only a single copy of a particular gene in an ...

  4. Runs of homozygosity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runs_of_Homozygosity

    Runs of homozygosity (ROH) are contiguous lengths of homozygous genotypes that are present in an individual due to parents transmitting identical haplotypes to their offspring. [ 1 ] The potential of predicting or estimating individual autozygosity for a subpopulation is the proportion of the autosomal genome above a specified length, termed F ...

  5. Major histocompatibility complex and sexual selection

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_histocompatibility...

    The hypothesis states that inbreeding increases the amount of overall homozygosity—not just locally in the MHC, so an increase in genetic homozygosity may be accompanied not only by the expression of recessive diseases and mutations, but by the loss of any potential heterozygote advantage as well. [17] [2] Animals only rarely avoid inbreeding ...

  6. Genetic purging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_purging

    Genetic purging is the increased pressure of natural selection against deleterious alleles prompted by inbreeding. [1]Purging occurs because deleterious alleles tend to be recessive, which means that they only express all their harmful effects when they are present in the two copies of the individual (i.e., in homozygosis).

  7. Genetic load - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_load

    Inbreeding increases homozygosity. In the short run, an increase in inbreeding increases the probability with which offspring get two copies of a recessive deleterious alleles, lowering fitnesses via inbreeding depression . [ 22 ]

  8. Molecular ecology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_ecology

    Inbreeding is commonly seen in small populations because of the greater chance of mating with a relative due to limited mate choice. Inbreeding, especially in small populations, is more likely to result in higher rates of genetic drift, which leads to higher rates of homozygosity at all loci in the population and decreased heterozygosity. The ...

  9. Inbred strain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbred_strain

    "The period before World War I led to the initiation of inbreeding in rats by Dr Helen King in about 1909 and in mice by Dr C. C. Little in 1909. The latter project led to the development of the DBA strain of mice, now widely distributed as the two major sub-strains DBA/1 and DBA/2, which were separated in 1929-1930.