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Longyearbyen remained purely a company town until 1989 when utilities, culture, and education was separated into Svalbard Samfunnsdrift. [90] In 1993, it was sold to the national government and the University Centre was established. [91] Through the 1990s, tourism increased and the town developed an economy independent of Store Norske and ...
The solution, initially, was to create the company AB Isfjorden-Bellsund, where the stakeholders behind Jernkontoret were guaranteed membership. The joint stock company was formed after a issue on 21 April 1911. [7] The company equipped a new expedition, this time also led by Bertil Högbom, who arrived in Svalbard in the summer of 1911.
Whalers gradually accumulated a good geographic knowledge of the coastline, but the interior remained uncharted. [28] The first scientific expedition to Svalbard was the Russian Čičagov Expedition between 1764 and 1766, which passed Svalbard in an unsuccessful attempt to find the Northern Sea Route.
Longyearbyen (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈlɔ̀ŋjɛrˌbyːən], [3] locally [ˈlɔ̀ŋjɑrˌbyːən], "Longyear Town") is the world's northernmost settlement with a population greater than 1,000, and the largest inhabited area of Svalbard, Norway.
Barentsburg (Russian: Баренцбург) is the second-largest settlement in Svalbard, Norway, with about 455 inhabitants (2020). [note 1] A coal mining town, the settlement was almost entirely made up of Russian and Ukrainian nationals.
The size of Smeerenburg has been greatly exaggerated by many authors. William Scoresby (1820) claimed 200 to 300 ships and 12,000 to 18,000 men visited Smeerenburg during the short summer season. [16]
Both Svalbard and Jan Mayen consist almost entirely of Arctic wilderness, such as at Bellsund in Svalbard. Svalbard is an archipelago in the Arctic about midway between mainland Norway and the North Pole. The group of islands range from 74° to 81° north latitude, and from 10° to 35° east longitude.
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