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Ong Hok Ham (1 May 1933 – 30 August 2007) [1] [2] [3] was an eminent Chinese Indonesian historian considered one of the leading experts on Indonesian history during the 19th century Dutch colonial rule. His particular area of knowledge centered on events in Java during the period, and he authored a number of works dealing with the subject.
The Ministry of Law and Human Rights deals with human rights issues in the cabinet, and the National Commission on Human Rights (Komnas HAM), established in Suharto's New Order administration in 1993, is the country's national human rights institution. In 2024, Freedom House rated Indonesia's human rights freedom as 57 out of 100 (partly free). [1]
Although al-Adab al-Mufrad was also a significant work of his, Imam al-Bukhari did not make it a requirement that the hadiths within al-Adab al-Mufrad meet the very strict and stringent conditions of authenticity which he laid down for his al-Jami' al-Sahih. However, based on the writings of later scholars who explained, commented and/or traced ...
The Santa Cruz massacre (also known as the Dili massacre) was the murder of at least 250 East Timorese pro-independence demonstrators in the Santa Cruz cemetery in the capital, Dili, on 12 November 1991, during the Indonesian occupation of East Timor and is part of the East Timor genocide.
Al-Adab (Arabic: الآداب) has been defined as "decency, morals". [ 2 ] While interpretation of the scope and particulars of Adab may vary among different cultures, common among these interpretations is regard for personal standing through the observation of certain codes of behavior. [ 3 ]
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (French: Déclaration des droits de l'Homme et du citoyen de 1789), set by France's National Constituent Assembly in 1789, is a human and civil rights document from the French Revolution; the French title can also be translated in the modern era as "Declaration of Human and Civic Rights".
The AGIL paradigm is a sociological scheme created by American sociologist Talcott Parsons in the 1950s. It is a systematic depiction of certain societal functions, which every society must meet to be able to maintain stable social life. [1]
Amr ibn Hisham (Arabic: عَمْرو بن هِشَام, romanized: ʿAmr ibn Hishām), better known as Abū Jahl (Arabic: أبو جهل, lit. 'Father of ignorance'; [1] c. 570 – 13 March 624) was the Meccan Qurayshi polytheist leader of the Mushrikites known for his opposition to the Islamic prophet Muhammad.