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The hippocampus is a structure in the brain that has been associated with various memory functions. It is part of the limbic system , and lies next to the medial temporal lobe. It is made up of two structures, the Ammon's Horn , and the Dentate gyrus , each containing different types of cells .
The hippocampus, as the medial pallium, is a structure found in all vertebrates. In Alzheimer's disease (and other forms of dementia), the hippocampus is one of the first regions of the brain to suffer damage; short-term memory loss and disorientation are included among the early symptoms.
Providing additional support is the study of functional brain activity in humans which has revealed that the activity of brain regions changes over time after a new memory is acquired. [6] This change can occur as quickly as a couple hours after the memory has been encoded suggesting that there is a temporal dimension to the reorganization of ...
The cognitive tradeoff hypothesis argues that in the cognitive evolution of humans, there was an evolutionary tradeoff between short-term working memory and complex language skills. Specifically, early hominids sacrificed the robust working memory seen in chimpanzees for more complex representations and hierarchical organization used in language.
Long-term memory has a much larger capacity than the prior two and actually stores information from both these types of memories to create a long lasting and large memory. Long-term memory is the largest target for research involving selective memory erasure. Within long-term memory there are several types of retention. [10]
His search thus proved unsuccessful, and his conclusion – that memory is diffusely distributed in the brain – became widely influential. [5] However, today we appreciate that memory is not completely but only largely distributed in the brain; this, together with its dynamic nature, makes engrams challenging to identify, or prove that they ...
Pribram and others noted the similarities between an optical hologram and memory storage in the human brain. According to the holonomic brain theory, memories are stored within certain general regions, but stored non-locally within those regions. [25] This allows the brain to maintain function and memory even when it is damaged.
Memory transfer proposes a chemical basis for memory termed memory RNA which can be passed down through flesh instead of an intact nervous system. Since RNA encodes information [ 1 ] and living cells produce and modify RNA in reaction to external events, it might also be used in neurons to record stimuli.