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  2. Pareto principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_principle

    Pareto principle. The Pareto principle may apply to fundraising, i.e. 20% of the donors contributing towards 80% of the total. The Pareto principle (also known as the 80/20 rule, the law of the vital few and the principle of factor sparsity[1][2]) states that for many outcomes, roughly 80% of consequences come from 20% of causes (the "vital few").

  3. Four Noble Truths - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Noble_Truths

    nirodha (cessation, ending, confinement): the attachment to this transient world and its pain can be severed or contained by the confinement [8] [9] or letting go of this craving; [10] [11] [f] [12] marga (road, path, way): the Noble Eightfold Path is the path leading to the confinement of this desire and attachment, and the release from dukkha ...

  4. Noble Eightfold Path - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noble_Eightfold_Path

    It's the wisdom—the faculty of wisdom, the power of wisdom, the awakening factor of investigation of principles [dhamma vicaya], and right view as a factor of the path—in one of noble mind and undefiled mind, who possesses the noble path and develops the noble path. This is called right view that is noble, undefiled, transcendent, a factor ...

  5. Buddhist ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_ethics

    The Four Noble Truths are at the foundation of Buddhist ethics: dukkha (suffering, incapable of satisfying, painful) is an innate characteristic of existence with each rebirth; [7] [8] [9] samudaya (origin, cause) of this dukkha is the "craving, desire or attachment"; [10] [11] [12]

  6. Cooperative principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperative_principle

    Cooperative principle. In social science generally and linguistics specifically, the cooperative principle describes how people achieve effective conversational communication in common social situations—that is, how listeners and speakers act cooperatively and mutually accept one another to be understood in a particular way.

  7. Aristotelian physics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotelian_physics

    Aristotelian physics is the form of natural philosophy described in the works of the Greek philosopher Aristotle (384–322 BC). In his work Physics, Aristotle intended to establish general principles of change that govern all natural bodies, both living and inanimate, celestial and terrestrial – including all motion (change with respect to place), quantitative change (change with respect to ...

  8. Anthropic principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropic_principle

    Anthropic principle. The anthropic principle, also known as the observation selection effect, is the hypothesis that the range of possible observations that could be made about the universe is limited by the fact that observations are only possible in the type of universe that is capable of developing intelligent life.

  9. Medical ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_ethics

    A common framework used when analysing medical ethics is the "four principles" approach postulated by Tom Beauchamp and James Childress in their textbook Principles of Biomedical Ethics. It recognizes four basic moral principles, which are to be judged and weighed against each other, with attention given to the scope of their application.