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The leading-tone diminished triad and supertonic diminished triad are usually found in first inversion (vii o 6 and ii o 6, respectively) since the spelling of the chord forms a diminished fifth with the bass. [6] This differs from the fully diminished seventh chord, which commonly occurs in root position. [8]
In some fake books and lead sheets, all triads may be represented by upper case numerals, followed by a symbol to indicate if it is not a major chord (e.g. "m" for minor or "ø" for half-diminished or "7" for a seventh chord). An upper case numeral that is not followed by a symbol is understood as a major chord.
The chord consists of a diminished triad plus the diminished seventh above the root. These four notes form a stack of three intervals which are all minor thirds.Since stacking yet another minor third returns to the root note, the four inversions of a diminished seventh chord are symmetrical.
An interval is inverted by raising or lowering either of the notes by one or more octaves so that the higher note becomes the lower note and vice versa. For example, the inversion of an interval consisting of a C with an E above it (the third measure below) is an E with a C above it – to work this out, the C may be moved up, the E may be lowered, or both may be moved.
In a lot of jazz styles, an unembellished major triad is rarely if ever played, but in a lead sheet the choice of which major quality chord to use is left to the performer. + or aug indicates an augmented chord (A or a is not used). o or dim indicates a diminished chord, either a diminished triad or a diminished seventh chord (d is not used).
In minor, the diminished triad (comprising two minor thirds, which together add up to a tritone) appears on the second scale degree—and thus features prominently in the progression ii o –V–i. Often, the inversion ii o6 is used to move the tritone to the inner voices as this allows for stepwise motion in the bass to the dominant root. In ...
A leading-tone chord is a triad built on the seventh scale degree in major and the raised seventh-scale-degree in minor. The quality of the leading-tone triad is diminished in both major and minor keys. [12] For example, in both C major and C minor, it is a B diminished triad (though it is usually written in first inversion, as described below).
The diminished triad can be used to substitute for the dominant seventh chord. In major scales, a diminished triad occurs only on the seventh scale degree. For instance, in the key of C, this is a B diminished triad (B, D, F). Since the triad is built on the seventh scale degree, it is also called the leading-tone triad.