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Demonstration model of a direct methanol fuel cell (black layered cube) in its enclosure Scheme of a proton-conducting fuel cell. A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel (often hydrogen) and an oxidizing agent (often oxygen) [1] into electricity through a pair of redox reactions. [2]
A proton exchange membrane fuel cell transforms the chemical energy liberated during the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to electrical energy, as opposed to the direct combustion of hydrogen and oxygen gases to produce thermal energy. A stream of hydrogen is delivered to the anode side of the MEA.
2004 - Mercedes-Benz A-Class F-Cell, powered by Ballard Power Systems. 2005 - Fiat Panda Hydrogen. 2005 - Mazda Premacy Hydrogen RE Hybrid. 2007 - Chevrolet Equinox Fuel Cell / GM HydroGen4 also known as Opel HydroGen4 [ 18 ] and Vauxhall HydroGen4 [ 19 ] 2008 - Kia Borrego FCEV [ 20 ][ 21 ] 2008 - PSA H2Origin.
Toyota began fuel cell development in Japan in the early 1990s and has developed a series of fuel cell vehicles, subjecting them to more than 1,600,000 km (1,000,000 miles) of road testing. Since 2012, fuel cell test vehicles have logged thousands of miles on North American roads.
The Toyota FCHV and Honda FCX, which began leasing on December 2, 2002, became the world's first government-certified commercial fuel cell vehicles, [4] [5] [6] and the Honda FCX Clarity, which began leasing in 2008, was the world's first fuel cell vehicle designed for mass production rather than adapting an existing model. [7]
A solid oxide fuel cell (or SOFC) is an electrochemical conversion device that produces electricity directly from oxidizing a fuel. Fuel cells are characterized by their electrolyte material; the SOFC has a solid oxide or ceramic electrolyte. Advantages of this class of fuel cells include high combined heat and power efficiency, long-term ...
This model used a fuel cell first developed in-house by Honda called the Honda FC Stack. The fuel cell was introduced in October 2003 and can operate at a low temperature of −20 °C. The type of fuel cell used is a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell. [9] The fuel cell stack has a power of 86 kilowatts.
Fuel cell hydrogen -powered. Range. 594 km (369 mi) Chronology. Successor. Hyundai Nexo. The Hyundai ix35 FCEV or Tucson FCEV[1] is a hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle developed by Hyundai. The model is a left-hand drive only conversion to the SUV platform it is based on and was the first of its type to be mass-produced and sold commercially ...