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Stomach cancer. Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, is a cancer that develops from the lining of the stomach. [ 10 ] Most cases of stomach cancers are gastric carcinomas, which can be divided into a number of subtypes, including gastric adenocarcinomas. [ 2 ] Lymphomas and mesenchymal tumors may also develop in the stomach. [ 2 ]
267,500 (2015) [6] Peptic ulcer disease is a break in the inner lining of the stomach, the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus. [1][7] An ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer, while one in the first part of the intestines is a duodenal ulcer. [1] The most common symptoms of a duodenal ulcer are waking ...
[55] [32] H. pylori-induced gastric cancer is the third highest cause of worldwide cancer mortality as of 2018. [56] Because of the usual lack of symptoms, when gastric cancer is finally diagnosed it is often fairly advanced. More than half of gastric cancer patients have lymph node metastasis when they are initially diagnosed. [57]
Stomach cancers usually occur due to fluctuations in acidity level and may present with vague symptoms of abdominal fullness, weight loss and pain. The actual cause of stomach cancer is not known but has been linked to infection with Helicobacter pylori, pernicious anemia, Menetriere's disease, and nitrogenous preservatives in food. [4]
Constitutional Symptoms. Unexplained weight loss: Weight loss that is unintended and not explained by diet, exercise or other illness may be a warning sign of many types of cancer. Unexplained pain: Pain that persists, has no clear cause, and does not respond to treatment may be a warning sign of many types of cancers.
Cancer requires multiple mutations to progress. Cancer is caused by genetic changes leading to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor formation. The basic cause of sporadic (non-familial) cancers is DNA damage and genomic instability. [ 1 ][ 2 ] A minority of cancers are due to inherited genetic mutations. [ 3 ]
Bacteria involved in causing and treating cancers. Cancer bacteria are bacteria infectious organisms that are known or suspected to cause cancer. [1] While cancer-associated bacteria have long been considered to be opportunistic (i.e., infecting healthy tissues after cancer has already established itself), there is some evidence that bacteria may be directly carcinogenic.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. GISTs arise in the smooth muscle pacemaker interstitial cell of Cajal, or similar cells. [ 2 ] They are defined as tumors whose behavior is driven by mutations in the KIT gene (85%), [ 2 ] PDGFRA gene (10%), [ 2 ] or BRAF kinase (rare).
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